ABSTRACT

A study in which a Gutturnio red wine (2015 vintage) has been aged inside ORAC-like Tonneau barrels has been recently carried out. This ageing methodology is unconventional being not used before by the winemaking industry. It is the first attempt ever to improve the quality of a liquid substance. such as a wine. by the use of an ORAC-like apparatus. The wine was treated by 4.46 years of unconventional ageing that followed 3.11 years of traditional ageing in standard Tonneau barrels. Total ageing was 7.57 years. Orgone energy field, pH, and taste-olfactive indicators were monitored during the whole unconventional part of the process. Similar Gutturnio wines that followed standard ageing only were considered as control. An increase of the orgone field of +20.2% (Experimental Life Energy Meter, Heliognosis LM4) and a decrease of pH of -9.8 % was found at the end of the unconventional ageing for the treated 2015 Gutturnio wine when compared to the control Gutturnio wines.

As to the taste-olfactive properties, the unconventionally-aged 2015 Gutturnio red wine progressively lost part of its alcoholic aggressiveness being much softer and more pleasant to the palate. It thus did not show its true age, being seemingly younger. Besides, if allowed to air for a few hours, or even for some days, the taste dramatically improved with a higher palatability, less acidity and a less sharp flavor combined with more spicy notes. The above variations were not found in the control Gutturnio wines however.

Some wines can have the presence of a white surface film and this is typical of some yeasts spoiling. When these wines are exposed for some days to concentrated orgone energy (inside a standard ORAC) the films disappeared, thus making the treatment appear to be a natural antiseptic.
Exposing a Gutturnio red wine to high concentration of orgone energy for a prolonged time seemed to accrue various benefits. Improvements in orgone energy content, pH, and taste-olfactive properties, and the disappearing of white surface film were observed when compared to control wines of the same style and provenance.

INTRODUCTION

Ageing of wine can determine changes in wine quality and monetary value. Many factors are involved in ageing but the most important are, the type of wine (1), storage conditions (2), and capital investment. Nowadays, wine ageing is traditionally carried out in oak wooden casks. First historical evidence of wine ageing can be found in the Romanesque period. Romans appreciated wines that ha been allowed to age. Wines were stored in sealed earthenware jars or amphorae and left therein for 15-20 years, and sometimes for decades before they were considered mature. Galen, the Greek physicist, reported that artificial ageing methods such as heating or smoking wines have been used at the time that might produce wines with the same qualities of a naturally-aged wine with the advantage to be available in a shorter time. After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the appreciation of aged wines disappeared for about 10 centuries. In the 17th century, with the introduction of corks and glass bottles, the ageing in bottle was considered and pioneered in England. In the same period, other methods were developed or re-considered such as i) the addition of spirits to a partially fermented wine to produce fortified wines; ii) the systematic topping up (3) of a solera system (4); or iii) the heating of the wine.

Today, natural wine ageing in wooden barrels or in bottles is the methodology of choice. However, artificial wine ageing is also practised. We can find in this latter group different methods such as i) exposing wine to oxygen or extremes temperatures; ii) shaking it to encourage effects of dissolved oxygen; or iii) exposing it to radiation or ultra-sonic or magnetic waves. Lately, unusual and experimental storage conditions such as i) storing bottles of wine under water; ii) at high elevation; or iii) at a variety of temperatures and humidity has been also considered for ageing (5).

During ageing a variety of indicators is monitored in order to evaluate the quality of the wine and its evolution over time. Physical-chemical parameters (acidity, pH, tannins, and alcohol) and organoleptic attributes (colour, odor, taste and feel) are the most important. To the best of authors’ knowledge the content of orgone energy or bio-energy (6) of a wine is not monitored and studied, neither during the ageing, nor in any phase of the full process. Thus, it would not be possible to say whether, from fermentation to the final product, the orgone energy content changes radically or if the field radiations produced by the wine molecules normally change to any great degree. It is well-known that orgone energy might be accumulated or its concentration increased in respect to that available in the outside environment, by using particular apparatuses, called orgone accumulators (ORAC). These devices are similar to a box made of alternated layers of organic (generally raw sheep wool, raw cotton, glass wool, fibreglass, and rock wool), and inorganic (generally galvanised iron sheet, stainless steel wool, and steel or iron sheet or screen) materials. The outermost layer is organic, and the innermost inorganic (7). By such devices a living organism, or liquid or solid substances, if systematically and continuously exposed to the concentrated field available at its interior, might increase its orgone energy content, and hence the orgone energy field which it irradiates.

According to Reich, orgone energy or bio-energy can improve overall health conditions and he suggested a bio-energetic charging of the organism, through the systematic use of an ORAC, in order to maintain in good state the immune system and overall health (8). Such charging might be done also indirectly through the intake of foods or liquids with a high orgone content or which have been orgone-charged inside an ORAC.

Ageing of wines inside ORACs has never been attempted. It was thought whether this kind of ageing might increase the orgone energy content and the related field of the aged wine similarly to what has been observed when charging other fluids or granular solids inside ORACs. Tap water continuously kept inside a 10-fold small ORAC for 474.5 hours observed an increase of the orgone energy field (Heliognosis LM4 meter), of +7.8 %; while sea water kept inside for 527 hours had an increase of 99.3 % (9).

The present study has been carried out to verify whether an ORAC, built according to the criteria developed by Reich, could increase the orgone or bio-energetic charge of a red wine kept in the interior for ageing for a certain period of time. In parallel, some chemical, tasting and olfactive properties were also monitored to check whether the above ageing might have some influence on those properties. Such study might be considered an example of a systematic use of orgone devices to improve the orgone or bio-energetic properties of a fluid, and it is the first ever to consider a red wine and an ORAC-like apparatus. Such kind of ageing of a wine can be considered unconventional and included in the group of the natural ageing methodologies in that no changes of environmental parameters affecting ageing, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen, and secondary magnetic waves were made. All the above parameters were those of the cellar ambient for the whole period of ageing.

For the experimental process, the variation done in the wooden barrels traditionally used was the introduction of layers of organic and inorganic materials within the barrel. The innermost container of the wine barrel was also of stainless steel. This was done in order to meet the standards of an ORAC. This differs from the deliberate use of single material structures such as concrete, stainless steel or other inert materials used today for wine fermentation and ageing vessels. These conventional structures are not layered and they replace totally the use of wood in the making of the tanks.

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In the present investigation a Gutturnio red wine, produced by La Pietra winery, Castell’Arquato, Italy, was considered. The wine comes from the 2015 vintage. It is a still wine, made by 60% Barbera and 40% Croatina, without added sulphites, not filtered or clarified. It had been fermented by the submerged cap process with indigenous yeasts and left to macerate with its peels. The wine was never subjected, from pressing to bottling, to any mechanical or chemical treatment.

Pictures in figure 1 show the Barbera and Croatina vineyard (left in the figure), and one of the authors (WV) with a grape of Croatina (right in the figure).

Figure 1

The ORAC has been built by converting two Tonneau (staves of French oak) with capacity of 600 L each in which three alternated layers of organic and inorganic materials were added. The top and bottom side of the wooden barrels were similarly adapted. A cylindrical tank made of stainless steel for food and with capacity of 300 L has been inserted in the innermost part of each barrel and served as a container for the wine to be aged. As a whole, the sequence of materials characterizing the ORAC barrels from the outer to the inner layer was as follows: durmast wood (outermost), steel wool, sheep wool, steel wool, sheep wool, and food stainless steel (innermost). The lid of each barrel was equipped with an air chamber to maintain the barrel vacuum-sealed.

Pictures in figure 2 show a top-view (top left picture) and a side-view (top right) of one of the two ORAC barrels with the organic/inorganic layers, and the stainless steel tank; the two ORAC barrels with the lid during the ageing phase (bottom left); and the identification card reporting the type of ageing attached to the ORAC barrel (bottom right).

Figure 2

The cellar in which the 2015 Gutturnio wine has been aged was in the underground of the La Pietra winery premises. Temperatures of the cellar were ranging between 13 °C during wintertime, and 20 °C during summertime. Humidity was about 70 % throughout the year.

Before being racked in the ORAC (Tonneau) barrels the 2015 Gutturnio wine underwent traditional ageing for 1134 days or 3.11 years in standard Tonneau with capacity of 600 L each (10). At the end of December 2018 the wine has been moved in the ORAC barrels for ageing and kept therein for more than four years till beginning of June 2023 (11). As a whole, the duration of the unconventional ageing of the wine in the ORAC barrels was 1627 days or 4.46 years. If we consider also the ageing in the conventional wooden barrels, the ageing the 2015 Gutturnio wine underwent was in total 2761 days or 7.57 years the majority of which (58.9 %) done inside the ORAC barrels.

A few days before the wine was moved from the standard Tonneu wooden barrels to the ORAC barrels, and at regular steps during the whole unconventional ageing period, the orgone or bio-energetic field, pH, and tasting-olfactive properties of the 2015 Gutturnio wine were monitored on samples taken from the ORAC barrels (12). The orgone or bio-energetic field irradiated by the wine was measured by the Experimental Life Energy Meter (LM4) (Heliognosis, Canada) (13); pH by a proper sensor (HI98107, Hanna, Usa) (14); and the taste-olfactive properties by a direct assessment by one of the authors (WV). At the end of the unconventional ageing (ORAC barrels) orgone (bio-energetic) field, pH and taste-olfactive properties for a Gutturnio wine from different vintages were also determined. These latter wines have been produced by the same winery with the same blend of Barbera and Croatina grapevine, subjected to the same processes and aged in standard Tonneau barrels thus following a traditional procedure only (15). These wines have been considered as control. The vintages considered were 2010, 2011, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022.

 

RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS

Data regarding orgone (bio-energy) field, pH, and taste-olfactive indicators obtained during the monitoring phases are reported here below.

Orgone (bio-energy) field

Graph in figure 3 shows the behaviour of the orgone field irradiated by the 2015 Gutturnio wine during the unconventional ageing in the ORAC barrels (blue squares and blue dashed line), and that related to the control Gutturnio wines (black squares and black dashed line) (16). The parameter indicative of the orgone field irradiated by the wine sample, called OFG0.65, was measured in LMU/g. See (17) for explanation of these units and terms.

From the graph in figure 3 it can be observed the trend of the orgone (bio-energy) field of the 2015 Gutturnio wine against time is positive, while the control wines has a flat or near horizontal trend that does not show any variation versus time. At the end of the ageing inside the ORAC barrels (after 1627 days or 4.46 years of orgone charging) the 2015 Gutturnio wine observed an increase of +32.0 % when compared to the orgone field the wine had just before the ageing in the ORAC barrels began. Besides, an increase of +20.2 % at the end of the unconventional ageing period when compared to the orgone field of the control wines was also found (18).

Figure 3

pH

The behaviour of pH for both groups of wine is shown is figure 4. It can be observed from the graph that the trend is very similar for the two groups, even though the 2015 Gutturnio wine that underwent unconventional ageing inside the ORAC barrels (blue square and blue dashed line) observed a slight reduction against time. pH of the control Gutturnio wines was found to be practically constant versus ageing time (19). At the end of the unconventional ageing (after 1627 days or 4.46 years) the 2015 Gutturnio wine observed a decrease of -9.8 % when compared to the pH the wine had just before the ageing in the ORAC barrels began.

Figure 4

Taste-olfactive indicators

The taste-olfactive monitoring, carried out during unconventional ageing inside the ORAC barrels, highlighted that the 2015 Gutturnio wine, when compared to the control Gutturnio wines subjected to traditional ageing, progressively lost part of its alcoholic aggressiveness being much softer and more pleasant to the palate, thus not showing its true age being seemingly younger. Besides, if allowed to air for a few hours or even for some days, the taste dramatically improved with a higher palatability, less acidity and a less sharp flavor, and with more spicy notes. During ageing in the ORAC barrels the color tended to become more crystal clear and a full red color (20):

“… lo senti che è un vino d’annata, lo senti che ha fatto un lungo affinamento in botte, lo senti che ha un corpo strutturato, una persistenza decisa e un bouquet ampio, ma senti anche un vino “giovane”, un vino VIVO, spigoloso ma corposo al contempo. Si capisce che parliamo di un vino con un potenziale di invecchiamento indeterminato, un vino che non potrebbe che trarre beneficio dallo scorrere del tempo, eppure è già pronto, completo, appagante.”

“… you feel that it’s a vintage wine, you feel that underwent a long refinement in barrel, you feel that it has a structured body, a remarkable persistence and a wide bouquet, but you feel also it is a “young” wine, an ALIVE wine, sharp but at the same time robust. You understand we are talking about a wine with an indefinite ageing potential, a wine that could only draw benefit from the passing of time, and yet is already ready, complete and satisfying.”

White surface film

A last point that was observed during the unconventional ageing of the 2015 Gutturnio wine inside the ORAC barrels is related to the white film that might form on the surface of the wine due to the presence of particular yeasts, such as Candida Mycoderma, Pichia or Hansenula. This whitish film, typically resembling an aggregation of many small flowers, might form in the barrels during the ageing and it can be normally prevented by a scrupulous cleaning and hygiene of the premises and of the barrels, and by adding antiseptic substances on the surface of the wine inside the barrels that block the action of the yeasts and thus the formation process of the whitish film. Besides, the same formation might form also in the bottled product. This phenomenon was never observed on the 2015 Gutturnio wine aged inside the ORAC barrels nor in the wine bottled after the end of the unconventional ageing even though the wine was no longer kept inside any orgone apparatus. This was an unexpected result in that it was not part of the research.

Some tests were then planned and carried out on other wines in order to get confirmation of the above observations. Pictures in figure 5 show a bottle of Ortrugo wine (21) of 2022 vintage where on the surface of the wine the typical whitish film could be observed (marked by a white circle in the picture on the left in the figure); and the same bottle of Ortrugo wine after being kept for 10 days in a 5-fold human-sized ORAC where no traces of the previous film could be seen (right in the figure) (22). Bottles of the same Ortrugo wine with the whitish film kept in the cellar (subjected to no orgone treatment) still showed it after 10 days. The orgone-treatment has been able to dissolve all the whitish film that was visible on the surface of the wine before putting the bottles inside the ORAC.

Figure 5

DISCUSSION

A research study has been done to verify whether ageing a red wine inside a container structured as an ORAC, where a higher orgone energy concentration compared to the outside environment is available, can increase its orgone energy field and content and improve its characteristics. The red wine considered for the study is a Gutturnio, a typical red wine of the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy, that must be drunk within 1-2 years. Generally, the wine is not aged more than 2 years even if, sometimes, ageing can last up to 6 years.
In our study the Gutturnio red wine was left ageing inside ORAC (Tonneau) barrels for 4.47 consecutive years. The so-called unconventional ageing followed a period of 3.11 years of traditional ageing inside standard Tonneau barrels. The orgone field irradiated by the wine at the end of the unconventional ageing was higher (+30.2 %) than that when the process began (blue dotted line in figure 2). That might mean the wine increased its orgone energy field by acquiring an amount of orgone energy from the inside of the ORAC structure to which it was permanently exposed. This result is in line with what was observed by Maglione in experiments where liquids, such as tap or sea water, were left inside standard ORACs for about 20 days. In all the tested cases an increase of the orgone energy content of the fluid (Heliognosis LM4) varying from +7.8 % to 99.3 %, was observed (23).

A comparison with control Gutturnio wines of the same style showed that the orgone energy field irradiated by them was lower (-20.2 %) and constant versus time (black dotted line in figure 2). The above results might confirm the assumption that liquids of different natures, when kept inside ORACs, increase their orgone energy concentration. This is supported by the fact Gutturnio wines that are not kept inside ORAC barrels and therefore not exposed to any field characterized by an orgone concentration higher than that of the outside environment, are not showing any variation of their orgone energy field and content even though ageing lasted for about 13 years (24).

Orgone energy field of a 2021 vintage Gutturnio wine produced by another winery following conventional chemical treatments and traditional ageing was also measured. Generally, selling price of such wines is low denoting medium-low qualities of the product. It was found that the value of the orgone field irradiated by the wine was 0.44 LMU/g (25). This value is lower than those found for the control Gutturnio wines (around -34.1 %) (26), and much lower (-61.6 %) than that found for the 2015 Gutturnio wine at the end of the unconventional ageing inside the ORAC barrels (27).
It can be inferred the 2015 Gutturnio wine, when stored inside ORAC barrels for ageing, might benefit from it and increase its orgone energy content. The increase of internal orgone energy at the end of the ageing process might be understood also as an increase of the healthy qualities of the wine. This increase was not observed for the control wines, and even less for the wine produced by using chemical substances or additives to regulate or adjust wine parameters or indicators.

pH is an indicator impacting on many important factors such as how wine states, looks and lasts. Wine is acidic, with pHs generally ranging between 2.9 and 4.2. Wines with a lower pH are less hospitable to harmful bacteria, age better, and have a clearer, brighter colour. Wines with higher pH values tend to taste flat, look dull, and be more susceptible to bacterial spoilage and growth of Brettanomyces sp. yeast (28). There are also negative effects on colour stability. Indeed, wines with low pH values are characterized by a higher hydrogen ion concentration that increases the effectiveness of the molecular form of sulfur dioxide (SO2) as antimicrobial. High pH (>3.5) and low molecular SO2 encourage the formation of undesirable volatile compounds, such as mousey off-flavours via lactic acid bacteria (due to the presence of as Lactobacillus sp. and Pediococcus sp). (29). Besides, at low pH values, the high concentration of hydrogen ions forces the pigment molecule into a form with a positive charge and a bright red color. As pH increases red wine passes from bright to purplish red and finally to a dull brownish red. Therefore, an optimal pH level is not only necessary for wine stability and microbiological equilibrium, but is also directly linked to wine colour and sensory properties.

In our study the pH of the 2015 Gutturnio wine before the unconventional ageing inside the ORAC barrels began was on the average 3.22, while at the end of the unconventional ageing process it was 2.90. This pH reduction was not obtained by any acidification method currently available such as chemical, physical and microbiological acidification (30). pH reduction was simply the result of the exposure of the 2015 Gutturnio wine to the high concentrated field of orgone energy available inside the ORAC barrels during the unconventional ageing period. It has been a natural reduction occurred in a period of 4.46 years.

However, despite the above, we can only speculate about the mechanisms regulating the relationship between orgone energy and wine chemical compounds, and also temperature and humidity of the cellar that might have produced such pH decrease. Therefore, this relationship remains unknown and opens a window for further studies. Accordingly, the lower pH and thus the increased hydrogen ions concentration in the wine made the percentage of the SO2 in the molecular form increase thus activating a higher antimicrobial effect. Noteworthy, the SO2 concentration in the 2015 Gutturnio wine is that typical of the wine since no sulfur compounds of any form have been added artificially into the wine during the whole process.

As to the color, we observed during the unconventional ageing the coloration passed from a flatness and dullness red to a brighter red. This might be thought as the effect of the pH decrease. This is in agreement with what is reported in the literature where a reduction of the pH in red wines is concomitant with the increase of the brightness of the red coloration due to a change of the pigment tannins molecules that turn into a form characterized by a positive charge and a bright red color (31).

Another effect of the lowering of the pH can be found in the tasting. It was found the wine tended to have at the end of the unconventional ageing a younger taste for its age. Indeed, the true age of the wine seemed to be difficult to determine being seemingly younger from the taste than from its actual age. This is in full agreement with what reported in the literature (32). Besides, it was found the wine was much softer and pleasant to the palate whose change might be addressed again to the reduction of the pH. Since the 2015 Gutturnio wine has not been clarified nor filtered, it is characterized by a greater quantity of phenols and tannins compared to that of wines chemically clarified by bentonite, fish jelly or casein. Filtration in these chemically-treated wines is done subsequently so as to eliminate deposits. However, in the same filtration process some tannins and phenols may also be eliminated from the wine. Phenols are responsible for the color and taste changes during wine ageing. As the content of phenols is higher in the 2015 Gutturino wine, it might be hypothesized that the phenolics, (wherein phenol is the basic building block) by interacting with the orgone energy inside the ORAC barrels, might have been gradually converted to the various types of derivatives (including pigmented tannins responsible for the change of the color).

pH also might have contributed to speed up this change. The above phenomenon was not observed in the control Gutturnio wines where, pH, color and taste indicators did not show an appreciable change over time.

There was a further observation regarding the 2015 Gutturnio wine. After the conclusion of the unconventional ageing, if exposed to air or left aerating with the bottle open (from some hours to few days) the taste significantly improved. There was a higher palatability, less acidity, a less sharp flavor nad more spicy notes. Generally, aerating a wine for a few hours before serving might be considered beneficial by some consumers. Exposing the wine to the oxygen of the air might be encouraging the development of the wine’s bouquet, in that the wine begins to give off other compounds (33). However, other authors believe the action of oxygen dissolved in a sound wine when ready to serve is detrimental and that the longer the aeration, the more diffuse its aroma and less marked its sensory attributes. According to this latter view, from the moment the wine is exposed to air some of its sensory impressions may be lost. And this can be observed most in fragile wines as they can withstand oxygen for only few minutes before succumbing to oxidation (34). This is a typical behavior of wines that have been subjected to physical and chemical processes in their whole making process.

The above considerations cannot be applied to the 2015 Gutturnio wine. Following unconventional ageing it was found that the longer the aerating period, the better its sensory qualities. There is no explanation for this phenomenon. What has been observed is going against the accepted practices. It seems the sensory qualities of the wine are changing towards a better picture the longer the exposure to oxygen, in contrast to conventionally aged wines.

A last phenomenon that has been observed is related to the formation of the white film on the surface of the wine due to the spoiling of some species of yeasts, the most common being Candida mycoderma, which requires oxygen for their characteristic growth and metabolism. The phenomenon might begin with the formation of small islands of a thin film on the surface of wines tanks or barrels that are not completely full and then can develop into a creamy to grey, dense biomass. Development of the white surface film can occur also on the surface of bottled wines. Generally, the white surface film forms at temperatures above 15 °C. Formation of such films on the surface of the 2015 Gutturnio wine, aged inside the ORAC barrels, was never observed. This was so even though cellar temperature in certain periods of the year was well above 15 °C. Indeed, in the summertime it reached values as high as 20 °C. Besides, the formation of the white surface film was not seen even in the bottled Gutturnio wine after the conclusion of the unconventional ageing inside the ORAC barrels.

In a successive separate experiment we observed that such a white surface film that had formed in bottled Ortrugo wine disappeared completely after exposing for some days the bottled wine to high orgone energy concentrations inside standard ORACs. No variation was instead found in the bottles that remained in the cellar (not subjected to the orgone treatment). Keeping a bottled wine that has the white surface film in an ORAC for some days might benefit from the charging. The by-product of the degradation of the yeasts seemed to be reversed and eliminated in a relatively short time. As a consequence, it might be also argued the unconventional ageing of the 2015 Gutturnio wine inside the ORAC barrels might have both prevented the formation of the whitish film (during ageing) and ensured that it never formed in the bottled product even if the product was no longer kept inside an orgone apparatus. Therefore, the inhibiting action of orgone or bio-energetic charging on film-forming yeasts might last longer than the charging alone inside the ORAC barrels in that no formation of the white surface film was seen thereafter in the bottled wine. Accordingly, if the above results are confirmed by further research, orgone charging might be considered also a natural antiseptic, a valid and easy-to-use, and cheaper alternative to the normally used antiseptic substances by enologists such as allyl isothiocyanate or similar.

CONCLUSION

A research study was done to examine the influence of ORAC-like barrels on the quality of a Gutturnio red wine (2015 vintage) left to age therein for a certain period of time. This study is the first ever to have been done on a liquid and on a wine in particular. The ageing methodology can be classified as unconventional being based on an apparatus not typical of the wine industry. The following are the most important conclusions drawn from the study:

i. An increase of the orgone energy (bio-energy) field irradiated by, and therefore of the orgone energy content of the 2015 Gutturnio red wine was observed during the ageing inside ORAC (Tonneau) barrels compared to Gutturnio wines of the same style following traditional ageing in standard Tonneau barrels that were considered as control.
ii. A fair decrease of the average pH was observed during ageing inside ORAC (Tonneau) barrels. The behaviour of the average pH for the control Gutturnio red wines (subjected to traditional ageing) remained instead practically constant versus time.
iii. An improvement of the sensory qualities of the 2015 Gutturnio wine aged inside ORAC (Tonneau) barrels was observed. This variation can be intended as the consequence of the interaction of the 2015 Gutturnio red wine with the orgone energy available inside the ORAC barrels that affected pH and in turn taste-olfactive properties. This variation was not observed in the control Gutturnio wines where the above indicators remained practically unchanged.
iv. Sensory attributes significantly improved when the 2015 Gutturnio red wine, after the conclusion of the unconventional ageing in the ORAC (Tonneau) barrels, was left aerating inside the open bottle from few hours to some days. This is against what has been generally reported in the literature for red wines left in contact for some time to oxygen where sensory attributes worsen against time due to oxidation (34).
v. Wines with white surface film, typical of some yeasts spoiling, when exposed for some days to concentrated orgone energy inside a standard ORAC disappeared thus making the treatment a natural antiseptic.

As a whole exposing a Gutturnio red wine for a certain period of time to concentrated orgone energy fields in ORAC-like (Tonneau) barrels increases its orgone energy content, decreases pH and improves sensory indicators. Besides, it has been also observed exposition may have antiseptic qualities.

Being a pilot study, more research is needed to confirm the above results both on wines of the same style, and on wines of different style and provenance. In addition, geography parameters such as temperature, altitude, types of soil, place where the grapes are grown and how they are able to ripen should be also considered. Given that the Gutturnio red wine in this study was never subjected to artificial or chemical treatments during the whole production process, from pressing to bottling, wines subjected to chemical treatments in the production process should also be considered.

Co-Author

This article was co-authored by Mr. Walter Vioni.
Vioni, a third generation winemaker, leads a winery located in Castell’Arquato, Italy. Since 2017 he has been applying Reich’s studies in viticulture and wine-making processes. Presently, orgone-based methodologies are used throughout the whole wine-making process, from grapevine cultivation, to crushing, and from fermentation to ageing and final bottling.

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Leon Southgate for suggestions in the writing of this paper.

 

Notes and References

1) Not all wines might benefit from extended ageing. Generally, the majority of wine sold today is designed to be drunk within one or two years. Only a small percentage of wines, about 3-5 %, is meant for extended ageing. Even amongst finer wines, different wines mature at different rates, according to individual vintage characteristics, their exact provenance, and how they were made. Nowadays, barrel ageing for wines of any colour play a part in the life cycle of the wine. In general, the lower a wine’s pH, the longer it is capable of evolving. Amongst reds the higher the level of flavour compounds and phenolics, the longer it is capable of being aged.
2) Storing conditions can affect the rate at which wine ages. The lower the temperature, the slower the maturation. Conversely ageing can be speed up by stripping a young wine of its solids and by storing it in warmer conditions. In general, the more slowly a wine matures, the greater the complexity of the flavor compounds that go to make up its bouquet. It is also generally accepted that the smaller the bottle size, the faster its contents mature as a consequence both of the bottling process and of any possible oxygen ingress via the cork seal during ageing.
3) Topping up is the operation by which the lost wine through evaporation in any wooden container is generally replaced by wine of the same provenance since the wooden container should be kept all the time full or nearly full.
4) Solera is a system of fractional blending used in some regions of Spain, mostly Andalucia, with the aim to maintain the consistency of the characteristics of wine aged in the barrels closest to the floor from which the final blend was customarily drawn.
5) Robinson J, Cheynier V, Lavigne V, Ageing, in Harding J and Robinson J (Editors), The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford University Press, 2023, pages 5-8.
6) For more details about orgone energy and the identity or similarity between orgone energy and bio-energy see the introductory chapter in Maglione R, Piergentili L, Temperature and Electric Measurements on an Organism Exposed to a Concentrated Orgone Energy Field, Journal of Psychiatric Orgone Therapy, May 02, 2022.
7) For more information about orgone accumulators see Reich W, The Orgone Energy Accumulator. Its Scientific and Medical Use, The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, Maine, Usa, 1951; and DeMeo J, The Orgone Accumulator Handbook: Construction Plans, Experimental Use and Protection Against Toxic Energy, Natural Energy Works, Ashland, Oregon, 2007.
8) Reich W, The Orgone Energy Accumulator. Its Scientific and Medical Use, The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, Maine, Usa, 1951, pages 27-44.
9) Maglione R, Measuring Orgone Energy, unpublished manuscript, January 31, 2024.
10) Traditional ageing started on November 15, 2015, and lasted till December 23, 2018.
11) 2015 Gutturnio wine was moved inside the ORAC barrels on December 23, 2018, and taken out to bottle it on June 06, 2023.
12) The monitoring was suspended during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, in the period between January 22, 2020, and September 22, 2021, no measurement was done.
13) The orgone field meter, now the life energy meter or LM4 instrument was developed by Reich to measure the orgone or bio-energetic field irradiated by living organism, including human beings; and by liquid and solid substances. In the 2010s the Canadian company Heliognosis started manufacturing it and commercialization took place in 2013. For details see Reich W, The Cancer Biopathy. Volume II of the Discovery of the Orgone, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, pages 147-150; and www.heliognosis.com. All the measurements of the orgone (bio-energy) field irradiated by each wine sample were done with the same weather conditions, i.e. in clear days. This was done in order to avoid any interference of different weather patterns on the orgone energy field irradiated by the wine samples (see Reich W, Meteorological Functions in Orgone-Charged Vacuum Tubes. Preliminary Communication, Orgone Institute Press, New York, Usa, 1950, pages 192-193).
14) All pH measurements were done in the same place at a constant temperature. However, the instrument was equipped with a temperature sensor and the pH value could automatically be compensated for in case of sharp temperature variations.
15) Duration of the (standard) ageing of the control wines inside the Tonneau barrels was around 3 years. Then, the wines were bottled and left to age in the bottles.
16) The squares refer to the data measured by the LM4 device, while the dashed lines show the non-linear regression of the measured data by a power law equation.
17) OFG0.65 is the acronym of Orgone Field Gradient, or the irradiated orgone field per unit of weight measured by the LM4 instrument (Heliognosis, Canada) on 0.65 g of Gutturnio wine sample. The unit of measurement is given by Life Meter Unit (LMU) per gram. Such parameter indicates the amount of orgone (bio-energy) irradiated by one gram of Gutturnio wine and is directly proportional to its orgone (bio-energy) content. Details on the measurement methodology are reported in Maglione R, Measuring Orgone Energy, unpublished manuscript, January 31, 2024. In the manuscript a way to standardize the measurement of the orgone energy field irradiated by liquid and granular solid substances (granulometry < 2.0 mm) is proposed. The aim is to use the LM4 instrument as a device to measure a wide range of orgone energy fields from the lowest ones, available in open and simple orgonotic systems such as the environment, to the most complex and closed orgonotic systems such as those emanated by a living organism. A similar attempt was already done in the 1970s by the Swiss physicist Stark that designed, manufactured and then commercialised an instrument, the Marah Orgonotester Fluidometer, that could measure a wide range of orgone energy fields emanated by both closed and open orgonotic systems. The physical principle on which the measurements were based was the Lorentz force that Stark thought to be identified with Reich’s orgone energy. Even though this similarity was questionable (see for example Blasband RA, The Orgonotester: Preliminary Report. A New Device for Measuring Orgone Energy Charge in the Atmosphere, Journal of Orgonomy, Vol 21, N° 2, 1987) the variation of orgone energy, as quantified by the variation of the Lorentz force, paralleled that measured by Reich by using other methodologies such as the electroscope or the Temperature Orgone Versus Temperature measurement (T0-T). The unit of measurement was set by Stark to be OD, a shortening for Reichenbach’s Odic Force, that was directly proportional to the Lorentz force. Unfortunately, the commercialisation of the apparatus was discontinued some years later and today it is no longer available and has an historical value only.
18) Percentage calculations were done considering the equations of the power law regression curves.
19) Percentage calculations were done considering the equations of the power law regression curves.
20) Sargentoni A, Il Vino Orgonico: la Storia di Walter Vioni, 28 giugno 2023, https://winetalesmagazine.com/blendnews.
21) Ortrugo is a white wine consisting of 100 % white grape, autochthonous of the hills of Piacenza, Italy. It has been harvested on September 2022, fermented for 15 days, and bottled on April 2023.
22) The human-sized ORAC consisted of 5 alternated layers of galvanized iron sheet (inorganic material) and raw sheep wool (organic material).
23) Maglione R, Measuring Orgone Energy, unpublished manuscript, January 31, 2024.
24) Control Gutturnio red wine vintage 2010 was first aged in standard Tonneau barrels for 3 years, and then in glass bottles for the remaining 10 years.
25) Maglione R, ORAC-charged Gutturnio Red Wine Experiment, Internal Report, February 15, 2024.
26) As a comparison value, the average value of the OFG0.65 related to all the control Gutturnio wines was considered (OFG0.65, average = 0.59 LMU/g).
27) The OFG0.65 value at the end of the unconventional ageing of the 2015 Gutturnio wine (7.57 years) was 0.711 LMU/g.
28) AAVV, Winemaking With High pH, High TA and High Potassium Fruit, Grapegrower & Winemaker, October 2018, Issue 657.
29) Payan C, Gancel AL, Jourdes M, Christmann M, Teissedre PL, Wine Acidification Methods: a Review, OENO One, International Viticulture and Enology Society, Volume 57-3, 2023, pages 113-123.
30) Payan C, Gancel AL, Jourdes M, Christmann M, Teissedre PL, ibid , 2023.
31) Thomson Matt, pH, in Harding J and Robinson J (Editors), The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford University Press, 2023, pages 556-557.
32) Pambianchi D, Aging Potential: Understanding the Lifespan of Your Wine, paper available online at https://winemakermag.com.
33) Harding J, Robinson J, Thomas TQ, Breathing, in Harding J and Robinson J (Editors), The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford University Press, 2023, page 107.
34) Harding J, Robinson J, Thomas TQ, Decanting, in Harding J and Robinson J (Editors), The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford University Press, 2023, page 231. See also Peynaud E, The Taste of Wine, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1996.

Abstract

In this study the results of six years (between 2000 and 2005) of field experiments with corn seeds charged in a four-ply Reich orgone accumulator, at different charging times, are reported. All the experiments were
performed in the same area, located in NW Italy. Treated and control groups were sown, cultivated, fertilized, and irrigated by using the same procedures and technologies. Germination rate and yield were determined each year for each control and treated group.

A statistically significant increase of the germination rate of the treated seeds was observed in the years 2000-2002, and 2004; while in 2005 a decrease was obtained. As far the yield is concerned, reliable data were collected for statistical analysis only in the years 2002-2005. A statistically significant difference (increase) of the yield was observed only in 2002.

The obtained results show an overall enhancing effect of the seeds charging in the orgone accumulator on germination rate and yield.

Introduction

Life energy would exist since the beginning of times. In the twenties, Reich found out the presence of this energy in the human body¹. Free circulation of this energy inside the body is fundamental for a healthy organism. Reich called orgone this dynamic energy. Stasis of this energy could result in sickness, diseases, etc. Later on in the forties, investigating other fields of the natural sciences such as biological and physical, he saw orgone energy was present everywhere: human cells, animals, plants, rocks, air, clouds, storms, hurricanes, etc.

He conceived tools to objectively demonstrate the presence of the orgone energy. Some of these devices were also used for curative purposes. Orgone accumulator (ORAC), blanket, and DOR-buster are some of them. ORAC and blanket can be used for increasing the energy level of the organism, thus curing diseases due to a low level or a remarkable lack of orgone energy; or to concentrate this energy for other purposes. Amongst these one can find the increase of the orgonotic charge of seeds and plants in order to improve colour, smell, quality and robustness, as well as to increase germination rate and yield.

The first experiment on ORAC-charged seeds dates back to the ‘50s where a research team of a small organization in Kenmore (Buffalo, NY), Tech Products, put some corn seeds in a small three-ply orgone accumulator and compared the germination rate to that of an untreated group considered as control. They obtained 100% germination rate for the treated seeds group against 80% for the control group².

Ritter and Ritter³ in the mid of the ‘50s performed an experiment with radish seeds. They kept some seeds in an orgone accumulator for 6 months. Then, the treated seeds were sown and an untreated group was considered as control. No difference between the two groups was found.

In recent times, more accurate controlled tests were performed with different seeds, charged for different time inside an ORAC, or plants irradiated with concentrated orgone energy or watered with ORAC-charged water.

Lane⁴ conducted an experiment on 8 tomato seeds charged in a 3-ply ORAC. The charging time was 28 days. She obtained an increase in the average yield per plant of +64.5%.

Dexter et al⁵ performed experiments with California Prunus Ilicifolia. They charged 20 seeds in an ORAC for 21 days and kept 40 seeds as control. Then, treated and untreated seeds were divided in different groups and watered with orgone–charged water or untreated water. They observed the charging of the seeds in the ORAC had a negative effect on the germination rate (-42.9%).

DeMeo⁶ performed experiments on sprouting of mung beans inside 1-ply and 10-ply ORACs. He obtained an increase in the average length of the treated seedlings of +91.9% and +171.6%, and in the germination rate of +5.5% and +10.2%, respectively.

Espanca in the eighties carried out a series of experiments with tomato, paprika, and aubergine seeds, and garlic bulbs charged in different accumulators. She also performed experiments to test the influence of ORAC-charged water on the growth and yield of tomato seeds and paprika plants.

Espanca obtained very interesting results from her experiments. In one of them^7,8 she charged 20 tomato seeds in a 3-ply ORAC for 15 days. The total yield recorded an increase of the orgone-treated group of +492% when compared to the control group. Considering the production per plant she found an increase of +407.1%. In a following experiment⁹ she charged 17 tomato seeds for 20 days in a 5-ply ORAC. Also in this case she obtained very good results with an increase of the total yield for the orgone-treated group of +171.3%, while the increase in the production per plant was +87.8%

Experiments were also planned to test the influence of the type of ORAC and charging time¹⁰. 12 garlic bulbs were left in a 3-ply ORAC for 4 days and in a 5-ply ORAC for 12 days. She obtained an increase of the total yield of +30% and +36.7%, respectively. Experiments were also performed on 20 round aubergine seeds, charged in the 5-ply ORAC for 21 days and 10 seeds kept inside a 6-ply ORAC for 16 days¹¹. An increase of the total yield of +61% and +16.6%, respectively, was obtained. Instead, when considering the yield per plant the increase was of +72.5% and +16.6%.

In 1984, Espanca charged 8 Montana Ping Pong tomato seeds in a 6-ply ORAC for 18 days¹². She obtained an increase in the total harvest for the treated group of +393.8% when compared to the control group. However, when considering the yield per plant the increase was +111.6%. This is because the control group had 3 producing plants only against 7 of the treated group.

Later on, paprika seeds were kept in a 5-ply ORAC for 12 and 3 days¹³. A variation of the total yield of –23.8% and +60.6%, and of the yield per plant of +1.7% and +43.0%, respectively, was obtained.

In 1987 Sellers¹⁴ performed a series of tests using different methods of seeds charging and plants orgone irradiation. He charged 30 Northrup King’s tomato seeds in a 5-ply ORAC for 15 days. Then, after planting, he absorbed from, or irradiated the plants with concentrated orgone energy by a combination of different methods, including DOR-buster and ORAC-charged water. Considering the 5-ply ORAC seeds charging results only, without any combination of other methodologies, he obtained a decrease in the yield per plant of –2.0% when compared to the control one. The largest decrease in mean yield, and mean number and weight of fruits was found in the plants treated with the DOR-buster. The device was pointed at the plants for 30 minutes per day for 43 days. A reduction in the mean yield per plants of -54.9%, and a decrease in the mean number of fruits and a mean weight of fruits of -39.0% and -26.0% were found, respectively. These results clearly demonstrated that the DOR-buster was drawing off orgone energy from the plants.

In the same period, Claymond¹⁵ reported on five years of experiments using potato tubers to determine the effects of ORAC charging on plant growth and yield. The results he obtained were in most of the cases negative. In 1981, 5 potato tubers were charged for 7 days in a 3-ply ORAC, obtaining a decrease of the total tuber yield for the treated group of –4.5%. Next year Claymond charged 15 potato tubers for 7 days in a 4-ply ORAC. He found a reduction in tuber yield for the treated group of –2.2%. In 1983, two groups of 15 tubers each one were charged in a 5-ply ORAC for 1 hour and 10 hours per day for 10 days. An increase in the total yield for the treated groups of +51.4% and +23.5% was found, respectively. In 1984 different charging times and ORAC sizes were considered for. No difference between charging times and ORAC sizes was found. A reduction of the overall average total yield of –9.8% was found. In 1985 potato tubers were put in a 12-ply ORAC for an average of 3.5 hours per day for 6 days. It was found a decrease in the total tubers production of –7.7%.

Claymond reported also on a longer maintenance of green living tissue in the vine of the treated potatoes (1981). The same phenomenon was also observed during the experiment performed in 1983 in spite of the occurrence of drought stress. In addition, a fullness of the canopy of the treated plants was also found (1983). Recently DeMeo¹⁶ carried out experiments on sprouting mung beans inside two multiple-ply ORAC (one inside the other), with a total accumulator strength of 13-ply and 25-ply. The ORACs were placed inside a large wooden Mini-Barn converted into a large 1-ply orgone accumulator of 3.5 x 5.0 meters size. The mung beans were kept inside the ORACs for a period of 10 days. He obtained an increase in the average seedling lengths of +34% when compared to the control ones. Also an increase in the germination rate of +1.6% was found. Other interesting results DeMeo observed were the increase of the treated seedlings weight of +8.6%, and of the average water consumed of +7.6%.

From the above overview, it can be noted that very few information has been published in the past years regarding corn seeds charged inside ORACs. Mann² was the only author to mention on an experiment on corn seeds that were charged in an ORAC. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of orgone energy on germination rate, plant growth and yield on a large scale when the orgonotic potential of corn seeds is artificially increased by exposing them for a specific period of time to charging inside an ORAC. Results related to six years of experiments are reported and discussed in the paper.

Materials and Methods

Test location and weather data

All the tests were performed in the same site, on an area of about 7 hectares. The area is part of a farm where corn is the main crop. The farm is located in the north-western side of Italy, in a plain at the foot of Canavese
hills and Aosta valley.

Weather data during the charging period of the corn seeds inside the ORAC, and treated and untreated plants growing-up period were supplied by the AgroMeteo Service of the Regione Piemonte (Italy). The data were
collected by a weather station located about 3.5 km SW of the test location.

The physical parameters supplied during the seeds charging phase were as follows:

• atmospheric pressure at 2 pm, in mbar
• minimum and maximum daily temperature, in °C
• minimum and maximum daily relative humidity, in %
• precipitation, in mm
• weather daily condition

The physical parameters considered during the treated and untreated plants growing-up period were as follows:

• minimum and maximum daily temperature, in °C
• minimum and maximum daily relative humidity, in %
• precipitation, in mm

The orgone accumulator

The ORAC used in all the 2000-2005 experiments, was a cubic box made of four alternating plies each consisting of a layer of fiberglass and steel wool (0 and 000 grade). The core of the ORAC was a cube made of a galvanised steel sheet (4/10 mm thick) with 50 cm on a side, while the external face was made of a masonboard squares with 94.8 cm on a side.

Figures 1 and 2 show a section and an assembled view, respectively, of the orgone accumulator.

Figure 1 – Section View of the ORAC used in the experiments

Figure 2 – Assembled View of the ORAC used in all the experiments

Seeds charging and test planning

After ORAC assembling, the corn seeds, in their original sacks, were put and left inside the accumulator for different charging times according to the test planning. The corn seeds used in all the tests is of Zea Mays
type, a single cross hybrid of first generation (F1, FAO 600 class, 130 days), commercialised by Pioneer. The seeds had a theoretical germination rate of about 93%.

Figures 3 and 4 show the ORAC assembling, and the seeds sacks loading inside the ORAC, respectively.

Figure 3 – ORAC assembling

Figure 4 – Seeds sacks loading inside the ORAC

Seeds charging times were chosen in such a way to test a large range of charging period. The ORAC during the seeds charging phase was kept outdoor, under a porch. After the seeds charging was completed, the ORAC was dismantled and put in a barn. During the seeds charging period, control seeds were left in their original paper sacks and put in a barn, far from the ORAC location, until to the sowing. Corn seeds charging times in the 2000-2005 years are reported in table 1.

Table 1 – Corn seeds charging times inside ORAC

The aim of the annual test was to determine the germination rate and yield of the treated and untreated groups. An evaluation of the plants strength and robustness was also performed. Until 2003, the test planning was based on a Standard Design (SD) where only one plot was considered for each treated and untreated groups. From 2004 on, the test was planned according to replicated experiments following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). This was done in order to distinguish between random variation in the system and the real effects of the treatment on the seeds. Randomizing the treatments helps eliminate the effect of bias whether it is evident or not. It groups treatment plots together and randomizes them within replicated blocks. In 2005, an additional experiment following the Standard Design (SD) was also performed. In this latter case treated and untreated plots randomization was not done.

Figure 5 shows the layout of the RCBD and SD areas for the test performed in 2005. The 302-hr charged group followed the RCBD, with four replications, while the 809.5-hr charged group the SD.

Figure 5 – Randomized Complete Block Design and Standard Design areas in the 2005-yr test

The total area dedicated each year to the test ranged between 18,900 and 56,838 m². Table 2 reports the total area involved in the test, as well as each area dedicated to control and treated groups.

Table 2 – Total, treated and untreated groups areas involved in the tests

Sowing was carried out either late in March or beginning in April. In both the designs distance between rows was about 75.0 cm and between seeds, belonging to the same row, was about 18.5 cm, with a seeding density (population) of about 7.21 seeds per m². The seeds were mechanically planted in the soil at a depth of about 4.0-5.0 cm. All the treated and untreated groups were sown, cultivated, fertilized, and irrigated by using the same procedures and technologies.

Germination rate was monitored about one month after sowing. As for the SD test, the monitoring covered 10% of the total area, counting the existing plants of 1 row every 10 rows. As for the RCBD test (from 2004 on), the monitoring covered 50% of the total test area, counting the existing plants of 5 rows out of the 10 rows of each plot. The germination rate was determined by dividing the counted plants to the number of sowed seeds.

Harvesting of the SD and of the RCBD sections for each test varied over the years and was carried out in September/October according to the grade of maturity of the crop. For each group of the SD test, an area containing 30 rows (excluding the headings) was accurately measured, and the yield weighted at the weighing machine. For each group of the RCBD test (from 2004 on), the total plot area (excluding the headings) was accurately measured, and the yield weighted at the weighing machine.

Weight and moisture on a sample of about 4-5 kg for each plot or area were accurately measured before and after drying. Moisture was determined by a portable grain moisture tester (John Deere, Moline, Illinois). Yield after drying was determined based on the values obtained by the dried samples.

Strength, vigour and robustness of the treated and untreated plants were monitored and compared by taking pictures of stands of corn related to all the groups before or during the harvesting.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis of the germination rate data was performed by using the Pearson’s chi-square test of independence, where presence or absence of germination was tested for each group (in the SD), or each block (in the RCBD). When the sample of a nominal variable was less than 1,000 the Fisher’s exact test of independence was used.

Statistical analysis on the yield data was performed by using the Student’s t-test. Where sample sizes were unequal the Welch’s t-test was instead used.

In all instances a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

A summary of the germination rate and yield variations (treated versus control seeds) related to all the tests is reported in table 3.

Table 3 – Summary of the results obtained in the 2000-2005 tests

Tables 4 and 5 show the results of the statistical analysis on the collected germination rate data both for the SD (table 4), and the RCBD (table 5) tests. In table 4 samples of nominal data that are not statistically significant (p-value > 0.05) are shown in red.

Table 4 – Results of the statistical analysis on the germination rate data for the SD tests

Table 5 – Results of the statistical analysis on the germination rate data for the RCBD tests

Tables 6 and 7 show the results of the statistical analysis on the collected yield data both for the SD (table 6), and the RCBD (table 7) tests. In the tables samples that are not statistically significant (p-value > 0.05) are shown in red. In 2001 and 2005 (SD) statistical analysis was not performed as the size of the collected data was too small, being represented by only one data for each group.

Table 6 – Results of the statistical analysis on yield data for the SD tests

Table 7 – Results of the statistical analysis on yield data for the RCBD tests

In 2000, the only parameter determined was the germination rate. A value of +1.94% (p-value = 0.00528) for the treated group was found. Also, difference in robustness between treated and control plants was observed.
Comparison of treated and untreated stands of corn, performed after a storm with high gusts of wind which occurred in mid October 2000, highlighted a substantial difference between the two groups. Plants of the treated group were still standing up and very few had their tops broken, and also most of the ears were still stiff and pointed upwards. In contrast, most of the tops of the plants of the untreated group were broken and most of the ears were pointed downwards.

In 2001, germination rate was found to be +0.29% (p-value = 0.53264), and +2.46% (p-value = 0.00000569) for the 358-hr and 508.5-hr charged groups, respectively, when compared to the control group. Yield (moisture at 15%) was +5.38%, and +3.08% for the 358-hr and 508.5-hr charged groups, respectively. No statistical analysis was done on the yield as the size of the collected data was too small. No substantial difference in vigor and robustness was found between treated and untreated plants.

In 2002, germination rate was found to be +1.89% (p-value = 0.00000316), for the treated group. Yield (moisture at 15%) was +16.15% (p-value=0.013588), for the treated group. Difference in plant vigor and robustness between plants of the treated and untreated groups was particularly evident after a violent storm occurred in the evening of September 9, 2002, characterized by heavy rains and a strong wind (Figure 6). The storm broke many plants, especially those of the control group. The majority of the plants of the control group had broken tips and many broke below the ear. Only a few plants of the treated group were broken.

Figure 6 – Stands of treated (left) and untreated (right) corn in the 2002-yr test

In 2003, practically no difference in the germination rate between the two groups was found (+0.04%, p-value = 0.906). Yield of the treated group (moisture at 15%) was –12.18% (p-value = 0.143074) when compared to the control group. The 2003-yr test was characterized by anomalous weather conditions with very low precipitations, high temperatures and low humidity. Difference in vigor and robustness between treated and untreated plants was also observed (Figure 7). The difference was particularly clear after a storm occurred in the evening of August 18, 2003, characterized by heavy rains and an exceptional wind. The storm broke many plants of the control group. The majority of the plants of the control group had broken tips or even broke below the ear. Only few plants of the treated group were broken. However, notwithstanding this difference, a higher yield was obtained from the weaker plants of the untreated group.

Figure 7 – Stands of treated (left) and untreated (right) corn in the 2003-yr test

In 2004, germination rate was found to be +1.31% (p-value = 0.005092) for the treated group. Yield (moisture at 15%) was +2.79% (p-value = 0.174631) when compared to the control group. No substantial difference in vigor and robustness between treated and untreated plants was observed.

In 2005, germination rate was found –2.25% (p-value = 4.37∙10^-38) and +0.09% (p-value = 0.78305) for the 302-hr (RCBD), and 809.5-hr (SD) treated groups, respectively. Yield (moisture at 15%) was +2.93% (p-value = 0.25698), and –1.28% for the 302-hr and 809.5-hr groups, respectively. No statistical analysis was done on the yield of the SD test as the size of the collected data was too small. In this year no particular difference between plants of the treated and untreated groups was observed. However, it should be outlined that no hailstorms or strong winds hit the area of the test. So, plants were subjected to natural growing-up and development being not subjected to heavy weather influences that could have evidenced a potential difference between the three groups of plants.

Figure 8 reports the behaviour of the percentage variation of the germination rate of the treated groups when compared to the control ones versus the charging time for the 2000-2005 years. Black squares in the graph show statistically significant values, while red squares represent not statistically significant values. All the data shown on the graph are also interpolated by a parabolic curve with the form of y=b·x+c·x². This was done in order to see whether maximum values of the germination rate and of the yield (see Figure 9) could be found within a theoretical common window of charging times. A maximum value of the interpolating curve (dy/dx=0) of +0.86%, corresponding to a charging time of 462.5 hours (19.3 days), was obtained for the germination rate.

Figure 8 – Germination rate percentage variation for 2000-2005 data set (as reported in table 3)

Figure 9 shows the data related to the percentage variation of the yield (at moisture of 15%) of the treated groups versus charging time. Black squares in the graph show statistically significant values; red squares represent not statistically significant values; and yellow squares show values whose statistical analysis was not performed because of the small size of the samples. Interpolating parabolic curve of all the data gives a maximum value of +4.9% with a corresponding charging time of 497.5 hours (20.7 days).

Figure 9 – Yield percentage variation for 2000-2005 data set (as reported in table 3)

From the interpolating curves in the above figures 8 and 9, it can be observed that the maximum value of the germination rate, and of the yield falls in the range of charging times between 462.5 and 497.5 hours.

Discussion

Experiments with a Reich orgone accumulator have been largely performed over the last decades either with seeds, seedlings or plants charged inside orgone accumulators for well defined periods of time. However, results of tests with ORAC-charged corn seeds are totally missing in the literature. In addition, to my best knowledge, no information has been reported about a possible interaction between the charged seeds and weather conditions during the growing-up phase of the treated plants.

The weather data collected in the years of testing showed relatively homogeneous weather parameters and conditions characterized by similar physical parameters, such as pressure, temperature, humidity; and precipitation. However, the tests performed in 2002 and 2003 were characterized by quite different and opposite weather conditions. Figure 10 shows the precipitation amount for the March-October period for the six years of test.

Figure 10 – Precipitation in the March-August period in the 2000-2005 years

From the above graph it can be seen that the amount of precipitation in 2003 was the lowest recorded in the six years of test with only 494.6 mm. This is in marked contrast with what observed in the other years where
a higher amount of precipitation (spread all over the plants growing-up period) was recorded. In addition, much lower temperatures, and higher humidities both in the air and in the soil were found in the other years. 2001 had the second lowest amount of rain with 607.6 mm, that is 18.6% more than in the 2003. As we observed in the previous section, the very high temperatures and low precipitation in 2003 affected the outcomes leading to a premature harvesting of the crop, with a very low value of the yield of the treated group (-12.18%, p-value = 0.143074) when compared to the control one. In 2002, we had the highest amount of rain (1,177.4 mm) together with the highest average yield on record (+16.15%, p-value = 0.013588). In 2002 the trend of the temperatures and humidities were close to normal. So, it can be assumed that the amount of water available to the treated seeds, and later (treated) plants during the growing-up period might be of some importance in the overall development of the (treated) plants, and then on the total yield. The drought-tendency weather in 2003 could have adversely affected the growing-up, and then the yield of the plants of the treated group, perhaps acting in some way on the orgone energy charge of the treated plants (seeds), thus resulting in a negative response of the plants in term of yield when compared to the control ones. The opposite was instead true in 2002 when the water available to the treated plants was much higher than usual. It is worth of noting that in 2002 both the germination rate and the yield variations were statistically significant thus evidencing the quality and the efficacy of the orgone treatment on the seeds. So, the higher amount of precipitation spread all over the growing-up period helped and supported the action of the higher orgonotic charge of the treated seeds that was not instead observed in 2003. It is then reasonable to assume that the treated seeds, being the orgonotic charge higher, might require more water in the growing-up phase than the untreated seeds. If this does not occur the efficacy of the treatment might be very low or even negative, as observed in the test of 2003. A requirement that was also observed by DeMeo (2002) when 15 carrying out experiments on sprouting mung beans inside ORACs. He noted that the seedlings inside the ORAC consumed more water (+7.6%) than those kept outside, considered as control. He obtained an average increase of the length, and of the weight of the treated seedlings of 34%, and of 8.6%, respectively. It would be interesting to know what might have occurred to the mung bean seedlings inside the accumulator if they were forced to consume less water, or at least the same amount of the control ones.

Finally, the plants of the treated groups showed most of the time a higher vigor and robustness when compared to the untreated ones, especially when exposed to harsh weather conditions, such as heavy rains and strong winds. This occurred particularly in 2000, 2002, and 2003. This result could be associated again to the action of the higher orgonotic charge of the treated seeds. This point is supported by the fact that in 2002 both the germination rate and yield variation were statistically significant. Thus, the higher strength and robustness of the treated plants might be the consequence of the orgone treatment which the seeds were subjected to as well. A higher plants development and lesser senescence were also observed by Claymond (1987) on potatoes plants, and by Espanca (1981-1986) on tomatoes plants as a response to the orgone treatments.

Conclusions

The results reported in this study do bear out the working hypothesis of the effectiveness of the orgone energy on the biological activity of the treated corn seeds. A statically significant variation for the germination rate was observed in 5 out of 8 tests; and for the yield in 1 out of 4 tests.

A higher strength and robustness of the treated plants was visually observed in 3 out of 6 years of experiments, mainly after the plants were subjected to harsh environmental conditions such as high winds and heavy rain.

The negative result achieved in the yield of 2003, that could be considered the consequence of the drought-tendency weather; and the positive one in the yield of 2002, that seems to be the consequence of above normal precipitation, requires further studies to evaluate the potential effects of the artificially-increased orgonotic level of the treated seeds versus environmental conditions during the whole growing-up phase.

As a whole, the effect and interaction of key factors such as seeds charging times, weather physical parameters, weather conditions, and presence of Oranur and DOR conditions in the atmosphere (not considered in this study), that could play a major role in affecting and regulating the charge of the corn seeds and the growth of the seedlings/plants, still remains to be clearly and fully understood.

References

1. Reich W, The Discovery of the Orgone. Vol. I, The Function of the Orgasm, Farrar Straus & Giroux, New York (USA),
   1973; and Reich W, Ether, God and Devil, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1973.
2. Mann WE, Orgone, Reich and Eros, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1973; also in Vital Energy and Health, Houslow Press, Toronto, 1989.
3. Ritter P, Ritter J, Experiment Orgone Flower Pot, No 1, Orgonomic Functionalism, Vol. 1, No 6, Ritter Press, Nottingham, November 1954.
4. Lane L, Effects of the ORAC on Growing Plants, Journal of Orgonomy, Vol. 11, No 2, Orgonomic Publications Inc, New York, May 1977.
5. Dexter ME, Desmond LJ, Coen KS, Orgone Energy and Plant Growth, Energy and Character. The Journal of Bioenergetic Research, Vol. 8, No 3, Abbotsbury Publications, September 1977.
6. DeMeo J, Seed-Sprouting Inside the Orgone Accumulator, Journal of Orgonomy, Vol. 12, No 2, Orgonomic Publications Inc, New York, November 1978.
7. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 3, Autumn 1981.
8. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Part 2, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 4, Spring 1982.
9. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Part 3, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 6, Spring 1983.
10. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Part 4, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 7, Autumn 1983.
11. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Part 5, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 8, Spring 1984.
12. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Part 6, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 11, Autumn 1985.
13. Espanca J, The Effect of Orgone on Plant Life, Part 8, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 13, Autumn 1986.
14. Sellers PA (pseudonym, Sellers CG), The Effect of Orgonotic Devices on Tomato Plant Growth, Offshoots of Orgonomy, no 15, Winter 1987.
15. Claymond HJ (pseudonym, Heckman J), Effect on the Orgone Accumulator on Potato and Onion Plants, Annals of the Institute for Orgonomic Science, Vol. 4, September 1987.
16. DeMeo J, Orgone Accumulator Stimulation of Sprouting Mung beans, Pulse of the Planet, no 5, Natural Energy Works, Oregon (USA), 2002.

THE ORUR (1)

After the conclusion of the Oranur Experiment(2) Reich stored the three needles of radium (one milligram/mg each)(3) , used in the testing, within heavy lead shielding, in a place about three-quarters of a mile from the Observatory at Orgonon. However, about a year afterwards, on March 31st, 1952, due to a recurrence of the Oranur reaction in the Orgonon area, he decided to remove the radioactive sources and to bury them in a gravel pit. This was located in a field a hundred feet away from the road from Oquossoc to Rumford, Maine, eleven miles from Orgonon(4). On April 22nd and 23rd, 1952, Reich carried out measurements of the radioactivity over a large area in order to determine the borderlines of the Oranur field and of the high atmospheric activity which occurred after the removal of the radioactive sources from Orgonon. Figure 1 depicts graphically the results of a 230-mile round trip which Reich made on this occasion. In the figure the point where the 3 mg of radium were buried, RA, is also shown.

Figure 1 – Radioactivity measurements around Orgonon, April 22-23, 1952

From the above figure an area of about 50 miles in diameter, which was characterized by high values of radioactivity, can be seen. The radioactivity in this area varied from 400 up to 800 CPM (Counts Per Minute on a Geiger radiation counter). It was observed that the counts decreased down to normal with the distance from Orgonon towards the South. However, Orgonon did not register the highest values even though it was the site where the Oranur Experiment was carried out.

This was a clear sign that the Oranur reaction was proceeding again at Orgonon with an even higher strength than that observed at the beginning in 1951, when the Oranur Experiment was first being carried out. The value of radioactivity measured at the time of the experiment, in January, 1951, was around 100 CPM, on average, while now Reich found values as high as 6-8 times above that. Possibly, this recurring event was due to the instability of the nuclear source after it was subjected to the Oranur reaction in 1951, even though the nuclear material was shielded and buried in a safe place far from Orgonon. Maybe, concurrent events could have triggered such a high reaction, such as the Oranurization of all the materials used to build the orgone devices available at Orgonon, which kept the Oranur charge dormant for all that time. Or maybe DOR-clouds, coming from West(5), could have stimulated or increased this dormant activity which required only a push in order to start again.

The 3 mg of radium needles remained buried in the ground for more than two years, and no one, for all that time, went to recover them.

On September 1954 Reich was about to leave Orgonon for Tucson, Arizona, with the aim of studying the causes that led to the formation and development of deserts. In that period he worked out a theory of desert formation based on the persisting and very prolonged, chronic infestation of DOR(6) in the environment, and in the atmosphere. He decided, before leaving, to test the nuclear material that was buried in the field close to Route 17 to Rumford. On September 21st, 1954, the box containing the 3 mg of radium was unearthed and brought back to the observatory at Orgonon. An immediate background count of the general area was made with the SU-5 survey Geiger meter. A value of 150 CPM was obtained. Reich then tested the nuclear material with the unshielded counter tube of the survey meter, held one meter away from the box containing the radium: the count was 800-900 CPM. With the tube laid on the top of the box, it was 8,000-9,000 CPM. One 1 mg radium needle was then tested with the larger and more sensitive Geiger-Muller 2.3 mg/cm² counter tube and the 4096 Tracerlab Auto-scaler(7). With the needle naked at a distance of 1 cm the count was 2,457.6 CPM (against its original rate of 16,000 CPM in 1951)(8). With the radium needle reinserted into the lead case that it had been enclosed in, and the counter tube held at a distance of 1 cm from the case, the count was 163,840 CPM (against its original rate of 7,000 CPM in 1951).

Reich realized the radium 1 and 2 needles (those directly used in the Oranur experiment) had lost much of their former activity of 1951. Even the counts of the third needle, which had not been treated with concentrated orgone energy, was much lower than its own original rate of 16,000 CPM (naked at 1 cm distance from the counter tube). Reich also observed that the activities of the radium needles, without shielding, varied greatly all through, ever since 1954, according to place, climate, and transportation.

Reich ascribed the fact that the counts at the Geiger-Muller counter were higher, when the needle of radium was located inside its lead tube, to the reaction of the orgone energy in the atmosphere to the radioactivity emitted by the nuclear material(9):

“FIRST: the naked NR material gave a much lower count (one tenth) than the same material enclosed in heavy lead shielding.

SECOND: The ten times higher count in the atmosphere around the shielded NR material is a function of the OR energy fighting against NR.

THIRD: As soon as the interaction between OR and NR is stopped, the high OR activity vanishes and sinks down to the normal atmospheric level.

FOURTH: OR energy alone does not react severely unless irritated by NR.”

The overall results, obtained from the measurements in 1954, were then compared with those recorded after the conclusion of the Oranur experiment, made on April 28th, 1951. He found substantial differences in the radioactivity emitted by the three needles of radium. Indeed, from the two series of measurements Reich found basically new phenomena, mainly characterized by a very strong activity of the nuclear material when it was located within its heavy lead shielding; while the radioactivity when naked was much less than that in 1951.

The following table 1 shows the data recorded after the measurements which were carried out on radium needles 1 and 2 in April 1951, a few months after the conclusion of the Oranur experiment(10).

Table 1

The following Table 2 shows the results of the second set of measurements made on September 26th, 1954, on the three mg of radium, after bringing them back to Orgonon from the location where they were left buried for around two and a half years(11).

Table 2

As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 above, a substantial difference does exist between the radioactivity emitted by the needles of radium when measured naked in April 1951 (a few months after the conclusion of the Oranur experiment), and in September 1954 (after many months of burial in the ground). If we make an average of the values measured in 1951 by the GM 4096 Auto-scaler on the naked samples (at 1 cm distance) we obtain a value of 64,239 CPM; while by the same GM counter in 1954 we have 702 CPM. A very drastic reduction of the radioactivity can be observed from the two sets of measures. If we take the measures made by considering the same GM counter, but using a different scale of 256, we can again observe a drastic decrease of the values, even though less marked; and particularly we have in 1951 a value of 38,400 CPM, and in 1954 an average value of 1,212 CPM. The same phenomenon, seen with the naked samples, was observed also for the shielded samples (measured at 1 cm distance) that were characterized by an average value of 291,840 CPM in 1951, and of 97,143 CPM in 1954(12).

The following Table 3 shows the above calculated values, as well as the ratio between the radioactivity measured with the GM 4096 Auto-scaler on the radium needles inside the lead container and the naked one. The original values of the untreated samples, before starting the Oranur experiment, are also shown.

Table 3

As can be observed from the values reported in Table 3, apart from the significant decrease of the radioactivity of the radium needles (both naked and shielded) from 1951 to 1954, the value of the ratio provides a further indication of the change in the behaviour of the radioactive material after around three years of burial in the ground subsequent to the Oranur Experiment. A substantial increase of this value can be noted against the time, which highlights the much higher reaction of the radium needle in 1954, when inserted in its leaden container and when compared to the naked value. The increase of the radioactivity of the shielded radium compared to that of the unshielded (naked) needle was about 4.5 times in 1951, while it was around 138 times in 1954. The above ratios can then be compared to the ratio of the original and untreated samples, before they were used in the Oranur experiment, where a much lower value of 0.44 was obtained. It seems from the above data and trend that the exposure of the radium needles to high concentrations of orgone energy might have reversed their natural behavior, making them very sensitive and reactive when in contact or proximity with metallic materials. Besides, a decrease of the natural radioactivity can also be observed.

In addition to the variation of the radioactive behaviour as above reported, the three mg of radium, after being removed from the ground, revealed further extremely powerful qualities. Reich observed that, if one of the radium needles, which he called Oranur radium or Orur, was used for only a few seconds, from two to five, in combination with a cloudbuster, it might clear the sky of DOR (Deadly Orgone). The DOR that was hovering low and dark over the landscape, especially in the valleys at Rangeley, seemed to be eliminated and the atmosphere turned blue-gray from horizon to horizon. If used from 20 to 60 seconds, depending on the weather, clouds began to form almost instantly, and rain fell a few hours later. The reaction of the atmosphere seemed to be more effective when the radium needle was moved in and out of the lead container. At first, the Orur was used apart from the cloudbuster, but later its use was combined with the device making it an integral part. The combination of the Orur and the cloudbuster gave rise to a new apparatus that was called a spacegun (figure 2)(13).

Figure 2

This new type of arrangement dramatically improved the performances of the cloudbuster, which was conceived and developed by Reich a few years earlier to eliminate the DOR clouds from the atmosphere, and restore the atmospheric pulsation at Orgonon(14). By using the newly-developed spacegun an immediate change in the atmosphere could be observed, even in very difficult situations such as the presence of dirty-steel gray DOR clouds which seemed to fill up and become white and bluish-gray in a brilliant, sparkling, formerly dull, stale, black, and nauseating atmosphere. This was a change that normally might take hours or even days to occur when using the cloudbuster alone.
Reich soon realized, from the many tests he did with the spacegun (which were above all aimed at breaking the DOR clouds and restoring the atmospheric pulsation), that the DOR could be much more easily removed when the Orur, brought close to the pipes of the apparatus, was kept inside its lead container. By doing this, an increase of the potential from 40,000 to 60,000 CPM could be artificially created in the cloudbuster, and this might substantially increase the performances and shorten the duration of the interventions by the apparatus. With the cloudbuster alone very low values of radioactivity could instead be obtained, thus requiring much more prolonged operations(15).

In one episode Sobey, along with Baker, visited Reich at Little Orgonon, Tucson, during his Orop Desert expedition. Reich showed them the Orur. According to Sobey, the Orur was kept in a pail or a can, on a long rope. Reich made it to swing around his head using the rope near the cloudbuster’s pipes. Sobey reported that it looked like magic, but it worked in that the effect on the atmosphere was enhanced. There was nothing about putting the Orur in the base of the cloudbuster.

Reich commented on the dramatic improvement in the performances of the interventions by using the spacegun, equipped with the shielded Orur, as follows(16):

“Principle: irritated OR causes Expansion. Sky clears, blue within minutes.
This was a tremendous step forward. Heretofore, the clearing of the atmosphere had been done by drawing off the DOR clouds into a lake. Now, within a few seconds, the sky cleared and became blue in zenith and far around the horizon upon Orurization. The name ORUR was later coined to distinguish this operation from Oranur. In the latter, original nuclear material (NU) irritated concentrated atmospheric OR energy, making it run amok or change to DOR. Now, on the other hand, NU, rendered harmless by Oranur and weakened in radioactivity, was changed to OR behavior in the opposite direction from Oranur, as ORUR. It was low energetically when not within lead or metal of other kind. However, as soon as it was put into lead the counts climbed instantly outside the lead container up to dozens of feet to 40,000 or even 100,0000 CPM measured with the SU-5 Survey meter. This was news, indeed: The atmosphere could be charged, “Orurized,” directly by ORUR.
I repeat: The Oranur material gave naked no, or only a negligible, GM reaction. The lead container, too, gave no reaction. But the moment the two were brought together as far away as from two to three feet, the GM counter (SU-5) soared to 40,000-100,000 CPM.”

Recently, Southgate replicated Reich’s experiment with the spacegun by using an apparatus similar to the one Reich used(17). It consisted of a rack of short, hollow steel alloy pipes that were at first placed next to a closed, oranurised, orgone accumulator at an inclination of 45° or 90°, and later on placed next to the open cabinet, and then finally within the open cabinet itself. Four to eight pipes were used. The pipes were heavy types such as used in scaffolding. A small amount of radioactive source, within an ionising smoke alarm, had previously been placed near the device in a prior experiment, the device then remained oranurised. In terms of radioactivity, the alarm used in the prior experiment contained 0.9 microCurie of americium which corresponds to an amount of 0.26 microgram of americium material. This amount was at approximately 1000th of Reich’s set up in the Oranur experiment. The experimental radioactive source had been used by Southgate in a controlled Oranur experiment some months beforehand. However the mild, controlled Oranur reaction of the cabinet appeared to be steady and ongoing. Perhaps because the large accumulator had been subjected to a mild Oranur field for some months it might have developed some small Orur qualities.

Southgate observed that the prototype device he developed seemed to create an energetic interaction between itself and the sky which appeared to result in an increase in the liveliness and sparkle, the apparent health, of the local environment. Monotonous ceilings of oppressive formless cloud-cover tended to dissipate and to be replaced by livelier, formed, more natural looking clouds. Vision in the environment seemed to improve as though a clarity dial had been turned up. In other occasions, clouds cleared and a bright, crystal clear, azure sky became apparent. Southgate also noted the device seemed to work much more slowly than that of Reich’s. A period from an hour to few hours of operating appeared to approximate to operating Reich’s spacegun for about 1-3 seconds. Occasionally, the device was run for a number of days. According to Southgate, the Oranur cabinet, although not containing a fully-developed Orur material, approximated a much weaker, ‘energy field’ version of the effects of the Orur material used by Reich. The use of the device seemed to have coincided with the changing of weather. On a number of occasions continual rain was forecast by the weather services which changed to brighter, sunnier weather. Sometimes rain occurred during the operation but generally it was of short duration and followed by finer weather. The increased clarity and liveliness seemed to continue for some time afterwards. The effect was sometimes slow to appear (a number of hours) but the number of occasions it has been noted seemed beyond coincidence to Southgate. On occasion the pipes had been unwittingly touched by hand (usually thick gloves were worn). When this happened a tingling sensation occurred for some time afterwards in the whole arm(18). No other untoward effects had been noted. On one time a ‘burn’ was noticed on a hand when a glove tore but it was not painful and went after some days(19). Around two dozen operations had been conducted in the North West of England near Liverpool, so far over the last two years approximately, with the large Oranur set up. All appeared to have had an effect on the locale. Most operations were in Summer and Autumn. It appeared the set up might work slower again in winter but not enough operations had been done at this time to yet tell(20).

Parallel to the aforementioned behaviour, Reich and his collaborators also observed other extremely important effects of the use of the Orur. They felt a striking improvement in their biological sensations, characterized by a general feeling of a deep well-being. Besides, they witnessed also a reverse of the color of the leaves of the trees in the surrounding area of the interventions by the spacegun, from brown and yellow, to green; or the greening of the desert land near Tucson, after some time of using the spacegun:

“WR [Wilhelm Reich] had the box of NR [Orur] placed touching the cables of the Cloudbuster. Immediately following this, a general feeling of well-being was marked in two persons. There was a sudden brightening of the rocks and vegetation; distant mountains which had been black, suddenly became blue; the sky cleared and the west wind started. WR remarked that his organism seemed to be filling up. RMC [Robert McCullogh] noticed that his hands were filling out to their former fullness. Deep full breathing could again be enjoyed. WR’s dog Troll showed no aversion to the box of NR.”(21)

……………………….

“The morning of September 31st was striking. We had cleared the sky. An extreme, fast-forming humidity deposited heavy moisture on the window panes, on cars, on rocks and on meadows. The temperature and climate felt subtropic. Brown and yellow leaves were turning green as we looked at them, observed by McCullough, Tom Ross, an old woodsman, and myself, raised on a farm. All weather reports were upset that day.”(22)

……………………….

“We would then draw from that spot and orurize the atmosphere toward that region of the sky; the atmospheric situation improved within a few minutes for human, animal and vegetation alike … To put forth another example: When the DOR removal operations in the Tucson region were finally successful, prairie grass began growing again; …”(23)(Italics are mine, RM)

Reich soon realized the power of the Orur was tremendous. He was puzzled by the way the Orur behaved when it was put into a heavy lead shielding, with the characteristic high increase of counts. He argued that when the Orur was naked, without metal shielding, it was peaceful, inactive, with a behavior corresponding to a foggy type of existence. When put into a lead container, its field was apparently restricted, confined, and so it changed from a fog-like to a pointed form of existence. Reich thought that this variation was responsible for the high Geiger-Muller action characterized by counts as high as 100,000 CPM. According to Reich, it was the restriction of its peaceful activity which caused its warlike behavior. Reich compared the behavior of the Orur to that of a wild animal. A peacefully-living wild animal, if forcefully restricted, would suddenly act in exactly the same way; or rather the orgone energy within the animal would act the same way as the Orur within a lead tube.
According to Reich all biological motions, inner as well as locomotion, appeared to be the reaction of the orgone energy to the restriction of its free motility, making its behavior change from the fog-like to the pointed state of existence. Reich observed that this latter state was characterized by some typical phenomena. One of these was fever. In general, to Reich, fever or high temperature indicated a severe reaction expressed in a rise of body temperature to certain kinds of irritation of a non-material, non-bacterial disturbance in energy equilibrium. Since for Reich the basic energy functions in the organism were the same as in the atmosphere, he transferred and applied the same concepts and conclusions from one realm to the other. In this way, a change from the foggy to the pointed form of existence, obtained by exciting the orgone energy in the atmosphere, might give rise to an increase of temperature as well. However, Reich observed that under certain circumstances even a motor force of a mechanical nature might alternatively develop. Nevertheless, the circumstances under which such a change might produce either a higher temperature or a motor force were unknown. Overall, the heat variant might be considered an alternative to the motor variant, each one produced by a specific set of circumstances(24):

“If the OR energy in its pointed, excited form finds no objects to move mechanically it will cause high temperature of gases or solid substances by inner friction. …. The clicks at the Geiger counter are doubtless expression of single OR energy points charging a vacuum, a grid of an electronic tube or moving the membrane of a mechanical sound amplifier.”

The pointed state of existence of the atmospheric orgone energy was the consequence of its excitation to some factors in the nearby environment. And such excitation might be also detected at the GM counter with higher counts. Reich thought that factors such as the spreading of atomic radiations during an atomic explosion; or also DOR rising from the atmospheric energy when its envelope was dying, might be considered factors that could lead to an excitation of the orgone energy in the atmosphere(25).

“When an atomic bomb explodes, a huge amount of nuclear material (NU) suddenly irritates in concentrated form an unprepared, unconcentrated atmospheric Life Energy. On the other hand, when Oranur is operating a very small amount is irritating a highly concentrated Life Energy.
In the first case the OR energy falls victim to prostration and decay. In the second case, the OR energy reacts after a brief period of consternation or paralysis with a fierce motor force.”

Based on the above considerations, the high background counts beyond a narrow area around the point of an atomic explosion were thus quite understandable. However, in the case of an Oranur reaction, produced by a small amount of a nuclear material with low counts in an orgone-rich atmosphere, many hundred thousand counts per minute could be instead detected in the surrounding atmosphere. Orurization of the atmosphere by using the spacegun presented only a variant of the latter case. When the atmosphere was orurized, by putting a small amount of Oranur nuclear material into one of the spacegun tubes, or by swinging such material to and fro near the spacegun’s metal base or pipes, the atmosphere reacted fiercely as in Oranur conditions. Orurization of the atmosphere could clean out any DOR clouds that might be present, and DOR might disappear completely independently of whether the DOR energy was reconverted into orgone energy, or changed into water vapour, absorbed into the ground, or into a well.

A phenomenon related to the reconversion of DOR to orgone energy was observed by Reich around the end of his work in the Arizona desert. On March 15th, 1955, in the free atmosphere, the GM counter gave values higher than 100,000 CPM. He wondered what could cause the 100,000 +++ counts. He thought that it was quite logical to assume that the surface of the globe developed, in agreement with the identical process in living beings, a shell or an armour between the ground and the ceiling DOR. This armour, after weeks of work with the cloudbuster first, and then with the spacegun, was cracking up, and the high counts at the GM counter represented the energy discharge and sudden release of this highly pent up energy. According to Reich, orgone energy in discharge was always motoric and in the state of pointed existence, thus creating high counts at the Geiger-Muller counter. As soon as the rain started, the counts came down from 100,000 to 15,000 CPM. When the rain stopped again, the counts went up again to more than 100,000 CPM.

According to the above considerations and analysis, Reich laid down a very basic rule concerning the orgone motor functioning by relating the pointed state of existence of the orgone energy to its radioactivity reaction to the excitation(26):

“The luminating points (see “Oranur Experiment, First Report,” p. 195 and Fig. 8, p. 42 above) are mechanical discharges and thus constitute the source of a motor force. The action of the OR motor belongs here: An even sequence of impulses, registered on the GM counter, at a rate of at least 3,000 per minute, sets a motor into motion (see “Orgone Energy Bulletin,” 1948).”

In addition to the above considerations, regarding a possible use of orgone energy as a motor force, Reich also realized that the same change in the state of existence of the orgone energy, from a foggy-like to a pointed state, would have had practical applications also in weather engineering, as he had already experienced by using the spacegun in the Tucson region(27):

“1. Increasing the energy potential in the atmosphere by way of ORUR was now available in addition to the old technique of lowering the potential at will by way of drawing off energy with the Cloudbuster.
2. “Decrease” and “Increase” of potential could be interpreted in terms of functional physics simply as a change in the form of the atmospheric energy from the foglike (unexcited, low) to the pointed (excited, high) state of existence and vice versa, Only the “pointed” state of OR [orgone energy] registers on the GM counter.
3. There was little doubt left: One could now reach far into space with ORUR: the range was limitless theoretically, since the orgone energy ocean is endless and most sensitive to stimuli as demonstrated by the processes of dawn, dusk, and our actual operations over vast stretches of space.

4. The change from the “cloudy” to the “pointed” state of existence, or activation of OR was now possible by simply impeding its freedom of “lazy” motion or by direct irritation such as friction, sparking secondary coil systems, nuclear material, heat, etc.”

One of the problems Reich had to face with the discovery of the Orur was how to transport it. He realized that the usual commercial means of transportation could not be safely used, since there was no protection whatsoever against the Orur. It was safer when naked, as it reacted fiercely when shielded or brought near metals. The problems arose when Reich decided to use two of the three Orur needles to study the genesis of desertification during the expedition to Tucson. This meant that he had to transport the Orur material from Orgonon to Tucson, and the only way to transport it was by towing it 50 or 100 feet behind a plane. A special container of wood, looking somewhat like a football or an egg, was constructed; it was hollow inside, with a suitable opening to insert the Orur material. The two units of Orur were put inside individual plastic containers, packed in cotton, and then placed inside the wooden container. In turn, this latter was placed into a canvas bag and laced up securely. The canvas bag was towed at the end of a 100 feet long strong nylon rope (with a resistance to traction of 1,000 lb). The other end of the rope was arranged in such a manner that the container could be kept trailing in flight at a distance of 100 feet.

Reich did not know how the atmosphere would react to the transportation of the Orur. And what worried Reich most was whether the Orur material would directly or indirectly affect the navigating instruments. He wrote out a set of instructions to be followed during the handling and transportation by plane(28):

“Instruction for Towing of Material (ORUR) from Maine to Tucson, Arizona, Given 12-8-1954
1. Never take the material being towed into the airplane.
2. Keep the material being towed away from metal; distance of at least 5 feet, further whenever possible.

3. Keep persons away from material.

4. Be observant of personnel in plane during flight, pilot, etc., for biological reactions, possible excessive redness, etc.
5. In case anything goes wrong, land and telephone Orgone Institute, Tucson, Arizona, Tel. No. 3-8263.

6. Place material in safe place away from metal with warning danger signs.

7. In case towing container is lost: Drop smoke flare, locate the area. Land nearest place, inform State Police. Telephone Orgone Institute, Tucson, Arizona, or Hudgin Air Service, Tucson, Arizona, 3-1121.
8. Keep watch on tow container during flight.

9. Keep observation on instruments during flight for possible reaction.

10. Observe atmosphere during flight when material is being towed from Maine to Arizona. It is unknown what effect the material, being towed rapidly through the air may have on atmospheric conditions.
11. Landing and Taking Off: Have plastic towing tube extend 4 or 5 ft. back of plane. Pull towing container back away from plane as soon as possible after landing. Let out away from plane as soon as possible after taking off.
12. Guard material: When plane on ground, have material, away from plane, away from metal, guarded with Danger-Keep-Off signs posted. (If signs are metal have them 10 ft. away from material.)
13. Landing in Tucson: Pilot should inform Hudgin of arrival time: with as much advance notice as possible. Hudgin inform Orgone Institute of landing time. Landing will be at Gilpin Airport, Tucson.”

Indeed, Reich found that the Orur material might affect the instruments of the plane, such as the compass, but also the weather conditions in the flight area, the temperature above the ground, and in the vicinity of the plane, and even the conditions of the people inside the plane. An increase of the CPM rate were also observed when the two Orur units were reeled in, both for landing and take-off, reaching around 60 CPM with the Orur at the end of the mycarda (plastic) tubing, about 5 feet from the tail tip of the plane. After unreeling, the counts fell again to a normal rate of about 20 CPM. This recurred regularly; except that later, after many hours of flight, the counts did not fall so rapidly or so completely.

Reich summarized the effects of the Orur observed during the transportation from Lewiston airport, Maine, to Tucson airport, Arizona, as follows(29):

“Summary:
1. ERROR: Silvert [Reich’s collaborator] took the lead container along in plane, risking loss of OR [Orur], personnel and plane by intense Oranur interaction between OR and lead, with effects on people, instruments and ignition system. For short periods, LC [lead container] and OR were within 25 ft., but mostly were 100 ft. apart.

2. Effects on instruments: 20° compass deviation after leaving Pittsburgh after delay in take-off. Deviation gradually subsided in an hour.

3. Effects on people: Some confusion while approaching Pittsburgh. At various other times, drowsiness, irritability, impatience, burning of eyes, aches and pains, euphoria.

4. Effects on atmosphere: Weather cleared at Pittsburgh unexpectedly, permitting an earlier departure than anticipated by perhaps 24 hours. Thick blue haze around plane, especially marked out of Pittsburgh. … Higher temperature around plane in flight than on the ground, lasting longer than expected.

5. CPM: in plane with OR reeled out, on ground or in the air, about 20, rising to 40 near end of trip. As OR reeled in, on ground or in the air, CPM would rise to 60, beginning to rise when OR 2/3 reeled in. Approaching OR on the ground, CPM would begin to rise within 25 ft. to over 60,000 within 3 or 4 ft. Toward end of trip, CPM would fall more slowly than before, when OR unreeled.”

The radioactivity of the Orur material was measured on December 14th, 1954 soon after the arrival at Little Orgonon, the 50-acre headquarter Reich set-up eight miles from Tucson for the period of his stay in Arizona. The activity with the Orur within the container was:

at 100 feet     100,000 CPM

at 60 feet     100,000 CPM

while with the Orur outside the container was:

on ground     100,000 CPM

in 1″ lead      100,000 CPM

The Orur material calmed down the day after, on December 15th to an activity of:

200 CPM at 5 feet     (100,000 CPM on December 14th)

1200 CPM at 3 feett     (100,000 CPM on December 14th)

2400 CPM at 1 foot     (100,000 CPM on December 14th)

80,000 CPM on contact     (100,000 CPM on December 14th)

Reich deduced that the very high and unusual values were an indication that the Orur material was highly excited. At Orgonon, Maine, it yielded only low counts when not kept inside its lead container, while the radioactivity in Tucson, in the same experimental conditions, was extremely high. The Orur lost its zero reaction, and its field stretched upon arrival at Tucson to several hundred feet. However, Orur calmed down slowly during the following 24 hours after the arrival in Tucson, and its radioactive field diminished gradually from 100,000 CPM at 100 feet to 200 CPM at 5 feet. But close by it still gave without metal 100,000 CPM. It appeared that the transport from Maine to Tucson, through the orgone energy ocean, and the atmosphere at about 250 miles per hour over 3,000 miles, had an exciting effect upon it. Reich came to the conclusion that it behaved, as he had already hypothesized, like an excited animal that calmed down after a while.

On the whole, as the reader may have realized, Orur had many wonderful and, and above all, unexpected qualities inexplicable to traditional physics. The following is a good summary of all the most important characteristics of Orur, which was included by Reich in the material submitted to the US Court, as a defense material after the legal complaint by FDA(30):

“ORUR is denaturized nuclear material. I should like briefly to explain what Oranur and Orur mean. They designate nuclear material which has been treated with concentrated massfree cosmic (atmospheric) Orgone Energy. I shall not describe here the exact process: it has been described in some detail in the first report of the Oranur experiment. I shall only give an idea of the result.
By treating nuclear material (NU) with concentrated Orgone Energy (OR) NU changes into a very powerful but peaceful energy. NU is replaced within the nuclear material by OR. A radium needle which gave 16,000 counts per minute on a certain Geiger Counter naked at 1 cm. distance affected the same GM counter up to 300,000 counts per minute at a far greater distance within heavy lead shielding.
NU can be shielded by lead. ORUR cannot. On the contrary, any shielding by way of metal or even more vicinity of metal will excite ORUR into high-pitched activity, foreign to NU material. Therefore ORUR had to be transported from Maine to Arizona outside the plane, towed along in a special container 100 feet away from the metallic walls. There are many other such differences.

ORUR, that is, orgonized, denaturized nuclear material adapted to peaceful uses, had been used by the Orgone Institute for several years now in atmospheric research, specifically in destroying DOR clouds, the black, deadly, dehydrating blankets of so-called “Smog”; it has been used furthermore in creating rain and stopping rain, and lately also in an attempt to withdraw energy from hurricanes. These experiments are very promising. They are all connected with OR energy accumulation, since it is accumulated, concentrated OR energy which denaturizes nuclear material and makes it usable for peaceful purposes. The desert work in Arizona was of such kind. Green pastures and prairie grass appeared in formerly completely barren sand stretches after systematic removal of the deadly DOR blankets.”

However, the most important information about Orur might be found in these few lines(31):

“This fact is important: an alleged U.S. FDA inspector, Holliday, turned up in Arizona on December 30th, 1954. Two weeks earlier some critical pre-atomic material, called ORUR, had been flown down by Dr. Silvert from Maine to Arizona on December 12th, 1954. … The ORUR material had been flown down by Dr. Silvert: it actually effectuated the great success of the expedition in combating Desert. … They were at the same time probably out to destroy the discoverer of the Life Energy and to steal his process of denaturization of nuclear energy. … It was towed outside, 100 feet behind the plane and had been reported on the Tucson radio and on television as somewhat of a sensation, on the 20th of December.”

Reich referred to Orur as pre-atomic material. This might be understood as matter with a high concentration of orgone energy units, and the Oranur process might have been able to transform the nuclear material in an orgone-rich material with extremely benign qualities.

After the arrival of the Orur in Tucson, Reich started experimenting with the spacegun in order to investigate the reasons that might lead to the formation of desertification. He elaborated, after some months of field work in the region around Tucson, a theory that could explain the formation of deserts in the planet. He found out that the mass-free, pre-atomic, primordial cosmic energy played a fundamental role, and was at the very roots of the formation and existence of deserts. Depending on the circumstances, the life-giving energy could be transformed into dead life energy or DOR. And according to Reich, DOR was the main cause for the formation and the development of desertification. Actually, the same primordial cosmic energy which might create, sustain and reproduce life, under a definite set of circumstances, behaved as a killer of life when these conditions were absent, and became even a destroyer of lifeless matter, as happened in the disintegration of solid rock, granite, etc., to desert sand during and after the Oranur experiment in the period 1951-1954.
According to Reich, life energy creates in the biological realm its own material carriers, such as the organic building stones H, O, C, and N and their various compounds, H2O, O2, CO2, carbohydrates, fats and proteins. However, the carriers of life energy may form membranous structures of life only in a narrow range of pH, and specifically between approximately 7 and 7.4. This range does exist between two other killing realms, defined by acid (H⁺) on the one side (pH 1-6), and by base (OH^–) on the other side (pH 8-12). As a matter of fact, life was, under the given circumstances, existing on the razor’s edge between two kinds of death, and characterized by a very narrow range or domain in the infinite vastness of the cosmic energy ocean. Considering a human organism, organismic life energy metabolized from and into the cosmic energy ocean. Respiration, feeding and direct radiation (“heat”) were the basic vehicles of the metabolism of life energy between the organism and the environment. Within, the organism metabolized freshly absorbed orgone energy into DOR energy which was being expelled in the form of CO2, urine (NH3 products), feces, sweat and gaseous exudations. Energy equilibrium between charge and discharge could easily be maintained in the healthy organism. However, during sickness Reich observed that more orgone energy than usual seemed to be converted into DOR, and also more DOR seemed to be retained in the tissues. Thus, Reich argued that a prevalence of DOR energy in an organism would be a basic feature of all diseases, and many consequences would be derived from this situation. For instance, a greater inclination to exudate and to retain fluid in cavities, within the interstitia of tissue, in the abdomen, extremities in the form of edema, ascites, parenchymatous swelling, etc. Reich argued that a close relation between DOR and water, or rather to a change of H2O into DOR, and viceversa, might exist. DOR prevalence meant the need for more fluid, foremost being water. The water was being absorbed wherever it could be obtained by the thirsty DOR energy. Dehydration of tissues went parallel to a reduced ability to move and metabolize fluids. Reich inferred that dehydration of tissues, stagnation of metabolism; to which later was added lack of oxygen intake, and the resultant CO2 surplus, as in cancer, in edema of the lungs, lividity, and cyanosis, recession of vitality, on the whole were the basic disturbances of the orgone energy metabolism in an organism. In a vicious circle, inhibition of orgone energy functions led to a prevalence of DOR functions, and the latter led to a steady increase in the decay in orgone energy functions, and thus to death.

According to Reich, DOR functions were also characterized by a silent, invisible and inaudible gnawing away and insidious consumption, of the life force of a host or organism. DOR worked like a tapeworm, within the intestines of the host, be it emotionally or materially, by way of sapping and then swelling up its strength and energy. DOR was hungry above all for nourishment, for water, and for oxygen. However, in doing this DOR was destroying its own host, and its own source of nourishment(32):

“At the very basis of these life functions we find the dying of the Life Energy itself; the change from OR [orgone] energy into so-called DOR, i.e., the dead Life Energy. …. The process of dying of an organism seems, ultimately, to be no more than the dying of the Life Energy itself, the change from OR to DOR. With this basic change all secondary functions of life, energy metabolism, economy, integration of functions, cohesion of tissue, continuous reproduction of living matter and sap, also cease. In other words, the common functioning principle of all “Death” is immobilized Life Energy (cosmic primal energy) ….”

Reich came to the conclusion that the common functioning principle of all death processes was immobilized life energy, which for the lifetime of the specific organism had directed its material carriers, the membranous structure and the life fluids, constantly in exchange and metabolizing with the orgone energy ocean outside.

Reich then applied these observations and conclusions to the environment and the atmosphere. This explained the genesis of desertification as he assumed that DOR energy could be found in man, animal and plant; in the atmosphere; and in outer cosmic space. All of these were identical and the products of metabolizing primordial cosmic OR energy.

Accordingly, the process of disintegration of trees and whole forests was due to the progressive prevalence of DOR clouds in the atmosphere. He saw a slight DOR prevalence might cause lack of moisture and dryness, which in turn might increase DOR. Thus, in a vicious circle, the water-hunger grew together with diminishing precipitation. The process was slow, and not easily perceptible. When the atmosphere became droughty, causing clouds increasingly to lose their cohesion, and to weaken more easily, the level of atmospheric moisture sank, and the land began to parch. Water levels, too, sank. The life energy in the atmosphere had fewer and fewer resources of moisture. In addition, DOR caused the sun’s heat to turn into a burning or parching heat. Thus, the life energy turned, thirsty in the extreme, toward the moisture present within the vegetation because of a lack of moisture in the atmosphere. DOR penetrated the trees slowly from the top downward, and from the bark inward. The moisture, at first, was now being obtained from the bark, then upon further penetration of the tree structure, also from the deeper rings or layers. At first the bark got blackish; then the bark disintegrated, and disappeared. The process never set in from the roots upward, but the disappearance of the bark regularly began at the tree tops, working its way downward towards the roots. Also, the blackening and ensuing disintegration of the bark began on the upper sides of the branches. After some time, when the bark was almost completely off the attacked tree, and the disintegration had progressively advanced towards the roots, the inside of the tree substance disappeared, too. Then the tree would become hollow. Subsequently, due to loss of energy and substance, the tree bent, or curled up like a corkscrew. The branches sank down and fell off, until the whole tree collapsed. Therefore, DOR, under the form of Melanor(33), robbed the tree of all its moisture, its live OR energy, and its substance. At this stage the surface of the barkless stem and branches turned white. Melanor changed into white Orene, exactly the opposite of the alive. White Orene was nothing else than the formerly black Melanor. Later on, white Orene turned black and hardened upon loss of moisture.

Parallel to this, the blackness of the Melanor (DOR) would be eating its way into the rock, as well, causing it to form holes, first small holes, then larger ones. In other places the besieged rock reached a state where it crumbled into pebbles and rough sand. A whitish hue of Orite might be seen to settle gradually over such stretches of initial sand dunes. Rounded, smooth sand hills were the ultimate results of the gnawing away of rocks and dry loam by DOR and Melanor. Where traces of life remained, they were converted into secondary growth, which was vegetation of a harsh, spiny, tough, and juiceless character. As a whole all the above phenomena might be briefly summarized as follows:

1. DOR is the basic drought-causing and desert-supporting factor. There is some obscure relationship of DOR to water. DOR “eats mountains and levels them off to sand dunes.”
2. Sahara sand is caked, crystallized soil mixed with Orite.”(34)

……………………….

“The static landscape turned into a functional succession of events as it were, revealing its history: Green vegetation, → drought due to DOR attack, → dying of vegetation, → more DOR turning into Melanor on rocks, → eating out rocks, → Melanor turning white, → rocks changing into clay and finally sand.”(35)

Reich underlined that these processes were characterized by silence, and by slow attrition and wearing down of the victim. The life force, having been sapped from the victim, slowly became paralyzed and finally gave up. Reich drew a parallel with an emotionally-plagued character that showed the same type of behavior. A pestilent character often feels dark inside and often is actually at the skin. He saps juicy, emotionally-rich people, depriving them of their strength, akin to the behavior of a tapeworm within the host victim. The pestilential character flourishes on the energy loss in the victim, but in the end he perishes with the host.

According to Reich, a great significance for the mastery of our future might lie in the management of DOR accumulations and conditions, in that DOR surplus is causing deserts in the landscape as well as in the organism. In turn, this points to the fact that desert souls will enhance desert development; and desert development will increase DOR or staleness in the human emotions.

The management of the presence of DOR, wherever it can be located, hinges clearly on to what extent, and at what step, the decay process has arrived, so that DOR energy may be converted again into orgone energy or life energy.

Reich did find that the process of disintegration was clearly and indubitably reversible. Indeed, he experimentally achieved this in his desert work in the period 1954-1955 in Arizona, when completely barren desert land was turned into green pastures again, after thousands of years, through removal of DOR accumulations from the atmosphere(36):

“Deserts were shown to be able to green without rain. Secondary cholla vegetation like secondary drives on the armor was dying upon return of primordial life. Killer Atom had been converted to peaceful use.“(37)

…………………..

“It seemed incredible that systematic removal of DOR over a few days was sufficient to change the tide of death, to make green life appear again in such desolation. It was still more incredible that this had been unknown to man for ages.”(38)

A situation that continued even after many months was the conclusion of the desert greening experiment(39):

“Reich concluded his desert operations on March 1955. Six months later (September 1955) Dr. Michael Silvert surveyed the Tucson area by plane and by car. His findings were published in CORE (Vol. VII, December 1955). In general, Dr. Silvert found that green grass was apparent to a distance of 50 miles from Tucson itself. Grassy areas also showed a diminution in the growth of cactus. Grass around Mount Oracle was reported as “hip deep”, an unprecedented height. Tucson residents remarked also on the “unusual” amount of moisture and rainfall.”

The above conditions were confirmed also by local newspapers such as the Arizona Star that in September 1995 reported as follows(40):

“Despite the flooding that occurred, it was reported that the increased rainfall generally had a positive effect on the economy since there was such a tremendous increase in grazing. The Arizona Star reported on September 2, 1955: “Crops appeared to be approaching last year’s record yield – damage not as bad as expected,” and on September 18, 1955: “Arizona’s economy generally derived tremendous benefit from near record July and August rainfalls this year, according to Louis R. Jurwitz, meteorologist in charge of the state’s weather center here. The average rainfall in the state during the two months was 6.70 inches. This figure has been exceeded only twice in 60 years. Once in 1919, when state average was 8.04 in., and once in 1921, when average was 8.40 inches”.”

As a whole, the self-regulatory metabolic cycle process of OR → DOR energy → Rain → OR energy was restored and took charge of the desert. And in this process reconversion of DOR to orgone energy went in parallel to the return of water from DOR(41):

“Water was not being absorbed by DOR. Water changed into DOR. This became quite obvious. It explained the well-known desert phenomenon of rain coming down from clouds, but stopping in the atmosphere, never reaching the ground. Water changes into DOR. And, the next thought logically followed: DOR changes into water, too. In form of an orgonometric equation:

Finally, we may wonder what happened to the Orur, after it had been used in the experimental study of desert genesis by Reich. Presently, no official information is available about where the two units of Orur, used by Reich during the expedition to Arizona, and the one left at Orgonon, Maine, after being recovered from internment, might be located. Brief information is available from a letter, Moise, an associate and at the time son-in-law of Reich, wrote to Hoover, Director of the FBI, when they left Tucson after the conclusion of the desert greening experiment in Arizona, in April 1955(42):

“We wish to inform you that two milligram of Oranur treated and changed radium, used by the Orgone Institute in experimental weather control operations, have been deposited by the OIRL, Inc. at Jacumba, California in the custody of Mr. William Ketchum(43). This Oranur treated radium has been deposited in California for future experimental Oranur weather control operations.”

However, from that period on we can only speculate about where the three units of Orur might be. According to Reich’s granddaughter, Renata Moise, some units came to Hancock, Maine, and were buried in a field by her parents (Eva Reich, Reich’s daughter, and William Moise). However, the spot was lost, and gone forever(44).

References

1. The article is an abridged version, with the addition of some new material, of the chapter Reich and the Orur included in the book The Legendary Shamir published by the writer in 2017.
2. Oranur is orgone energy stimulated by radioactivity or other sources.
3. Of the three milligrams of radium one was physically used in the Oranur experiment, the second one was considered as a control, and the third milligram was the last control needle that Reich had ordered after the conclusion of the Oranur experiment (Reich W, The Oranur Experiment: First Report (1947-1951), The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, Rangeley, Maine, 1951, pages 324-325).
4. Reich W, The Blackening Rocks, Orgone Energy Bulletin, Vol. 5, N° 1-2, Orgone Institute Press, March 1953, pages 52-53. In Contact with Space Reich reported that the distance from Orgonon to the uninhabited area on route 17 toward Rumford, where the radioactive material was buried after the conclusion of the Oranur Experiment, was about 15 miles to southwest (Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 23).
5. Reich was thinking that the DOR-clouds coming from the West and hovering over Orgonon, in the period of the Oranur recurrence, originated from atomic blasts carried out in the western United States. However, it was later ascertained that there were no atomic denotations in the Usa in March, 1952. Thus, the origin of those DOR-clouds remained a mystery to Reich. He later speculated that they were possibly of cosmic origin.
6. DOR is deadly orgone energy that is orgone energy lacking oxygen and water. DOR is black, lusterless, toxic, and carries a high charge. It appears as black specks in the atmosphere, as though someone had sprinkled the air with black pepper. One can clearly see the sun through it, but photographs appear as though they were taken in shadow. DOR attacks anything, animal, vegetable, or mineral, in order to obtain the needed oxygen and water. Leaves droop and lose their luster, birds and insects become quiet, and even the air is still. Humans become uncomfortable, the skin blue, mouth parched, and the scalp tight, causing headache and nausea. Reich called this DOR sickness, that is Oranur sickness under high power. Reich’s work demonstrated that DOR and orgone energy are deadly antagonists, being antithetical, mutually exclusive, energies. Reich indicated nuclear energy as the most potent man-made irritant in exciting the atmospheric orgone energy into Oranur and DOR. Other irritating sources of the orgone energy continuum that might lead to the formation of DOR, are high-voltage electrical and electronic equipment (radar, sonar, microwaves of all types, X-rays, TV-sets, VHF and VLF radio frequencies, etc.), and electrical, chemical and thermic energy. According to Reich, the build-up of planetary smog might be instigated and aggravated by worldwide DOR. Industrial particulates and noxious gases do not disperse when DOR is in the atmosphere.
7. The Geiger-Muller 4096 Tracerlab Auto-scaler was equipped with a counter tube with a mica window thickness of 2.3 mg/cm², while the counter tube of the SU-5 survey meter was characterized by a mica window with a wall thickness of 30 mg/cm². This means that the 4096 Auto-scaler was approximately ten times more sensitive than the SU-5 survey meter (Kent K, The Oranur Experiment, Journal of Borderland Research, Vol XLII, N° 6, November-December 1986).
8. Measurements of the original radioactivity of a one milligram unit of naked radium (16,000 CPM or 8.3 Roentgens per hour) was done in New York City, away from the highly-charged atmosphere of Reich’s laboratory, at Orgonon, Maine. Reich also observed that at the opening, one of the three water-tight lead radium containers was found almost full of what appeared to be water. The screw cap was greased before burying it and Reich had no plausible reason to explain the presence of the water inside that container.
9. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 25.
10. Reich W, Ibid, page 24. The value of 43,000 CPM (last column in table 1) had been corrected by Reich (as reported in the Errata of the Oranur Experiment book, October 1951) to be 38,400 CPM. Besides, Reich reported also the CPM should be read as Approximate CPM.
11. Reich W, Ibid, page 27.
12. In the calculation here I neglected the value of 4,096 CPM in table 2, as it seems extremely low, and out of range when compared to the order of the other measured values.
13. The drawing in the figure was attached to a letter (dated February 13, 1956) Moise sent to Kelly, superintender of the National Capital Parks (United States Department of Interior), Washington DC, in order to get permission to permanently mount a Reich spacegun in the city on a location in the East Potomac Park, close to the Washington channel, along Ohio Drive to Hains Point, with the aim to carry out atmospheric research experiments. The experiments were related to the atmospheric conditions causing smog, a major problem on those part of the nation, including Washington DC. The experiments with the spacegun had a duration each of about 1 ½ hours to be carried out for several times weekly. For the record, permission to operate in the area was issued by the competent authorities on January 24th, 1956. However, Moise around a week later asked the National Capital Parks for a permanent placing in the East Potomac Park of part of the apparatus (the spacegun). A request that was formalized in written on February 13, 1956, where a drawing of the apparatus to be placed on the Park was attached (figure 2 in this paper). Few days after, on February 17th, 1956, the National Capital Parks requested Moise to suspend all the experiments and revoked the permit until further notice. All of this occurred before the FBI was informed, so the suspension of the first permission to drive through the park and the refusal to grant the second request to place the cloudbuster on the park property had nothing to do with the FBI. It was only on March 2nd that the whole incident was sent to Hoover of the FBI (Bennett P, Personal Communication, December 7th, 2020). Besides, it is important to note from the drawing and the information provided from the letter exchange between Moise and the National Capital Parks, that Moise still needed a source of running water to ground the flexible cables the spacegun was equipped, even though the atmosphere might be mostly affected only by the action of the Orur. See Federal Bureau of Investigation, Dr Wilhelm Reich, Part 5 of 6, Section 2.
14. Maglione R, Wilhelm Reich and the Healing of Atmospheres. Modern Techniques for the Abatement of Desertification, Natural Energy Works, Ashland, Oregon, 2007.
15. According to the experience of the writer, from moderate to good variations of the radioactivity in the closeness of an operating cloudbuster and at some distance from it can be observed. Measurements were performed in a period between March 11, and December 03, 2010, on a standard apparatus consisted of a rack of 10 pipes of galvanized iron (6-m long) connected via a collector to two flexible aluminium cables (9-m long). The apparatus was located on the bank of the Betsiboka River, Mahajanga, Madagascar. The measures were taken by a Radalert 100 GM counter (International Medcom, Usa) during the on/off interventions both at the cloudbuster’s site, and at distances of 100 and 250 m. The three measurement sites belonged to the same straight line. In most of the cases, each measurement lasted for the duration of the specific planned activity (grounded or ungrounded flexible cables). Duration of the measurements ranged between about 9 and 24 hours. It was determined that close to the cloudbuster an average value of 16.1 CPM (average of 37 readings) was recorded during the drawing times with the flexible cables grounded into the river’s waters; while during periods where interventions were suspended an average value of 15.8 CPM (average of 46 readings) was obtained. At a distance from the apparatus (and from the river’s bank) of 100 m a value of 16.5 CPM (average of 8 readings) was recorded when the cloudbuster was not operating. No reading was taken during the drawing operations at this distance. At a distance of 250 m from the apparatus a value of 20.0 CPM (only one measurement was done) was obtained when the cloudbuster was operating. While a value of 17.7 CPM (average of 7 readings) was recorded when the flexible cables were ungrounded. The natural background before starting all the operations was about 14.0 CPM.
    Table 1 below shows all the averaged data, and the number of measures taken (reported in parenthesis).

    

    Table 1

    From the above data a good increase of the radioactivity during the operations compared to the natural background can be seen. A percentage increase of 15.0 % and of 42.8 % were recorded at the cloudbuster’s site, and at 250 m distance, respectively. Yet, it seems that the radioactive field developed around the apparatus during the drawing operations did not reduce to the natural background values when it was not operating. Indeed, a percentage increase when compared to the natural background of 12.9 % at the apparatus’ site, of 17.9 % at 100 m distance, and of 26.4 % at 250 m distance was respectively observed during inactive periods. Besides, the radioactive field around the cloudbuster seemed increase against the distance. Unfortunately, measurements were not taken at distances higher than 250 m from the site of the apparatus, and hence it was not possible to determine how far the radioactive field extended from the cloudbuster’s site. Recalling the results of the Oranur experiment carried out at Orgonon in 1951 by Reich, it can be argued that around the cloudbuster a mild Oranur field (increase of radioactivity) might have formed during the interventions because of the orgone energy flow from the atmosphere through the pipes, and then through the flexible cables into the river. And this Oranur field extended for at least 250 m from the drawing site, and its strength was noted to increase against the distance from the apparatus’ site.

    Another interesting phenomenon that was observed in the same period of the operations was the increase of the potential difference between the electrodes of a voltmeter (Mastech R multimeter, Hong Kong) when immersed in the running water of the river (close to the bank) at different distances from the grounded flexible cables of the apparatus. During an intervention, at around 50 m upstream the grounded cables a potential difference of about 10 mV was measured; while at about the same distance by, this time downstream of the cloudbuster’s site, the potential difference was about 30 mV. In another intervention (and hence with the flexible cables grounded into the water of the river) a potential difference between the electrodes immersed in the river’s water of about 10 mV 50 m upstream, 70-180 mV in the proximity of the grounded flexible cables, and 25-40 mV 50 m downstream was found. Again, in another intervention, a tension of 100-200 mV was measured in the water around the grounded flexible cables. The following table 2 reports the averaged values of the potential difference measured at the different points. In parenthesis the number of measures taken is also shown.

    

    Table 2

    It is evident from the above data that a change in the electric current transmitted by the river’s water took place during the interventions, and this might be attributable to the orgone energy absorbed and discharged into the water by way of the etheric circuit determined by the rigid metal pipes and the flexible cables. A dramatic change of the potential difference, when compared to the value measured upstream, was observed in the river’s water around the grounded flexible cables (+1275%); while downstream a substantial increase (+212%) was seen.

    In a specific episode the potential difference of the soil close to the cloudbuster was also measured. Before the intervention it was 20 mV, while during the intervention the potential difference increased to about 40 mV.

    The variation of the potential difference in the running fluid in which the orgone energy, drawn from the atmosphere by the rigid pipes, had been discharged, and the formation of a radioactive field around the drawing structure may involve that during the interventions the amount of orgone energy around the cloudbuster and discharged into the running water of the river, had given rise to the fluctuation of physical parameters secondary to the pre-atomic orgone energy such as radioactivity, and electricity conducted by the fluid. This explanation can also be considered valid for the potential difference variation of the soil close to the drawing structure. Also in this latter case the variation might be ascribable to the flow of orgone energy around it. If the above phenomena are confirmed by further measurements in other experiments, the variations of the above parameters can be an indication of and useful to check the quality of the drawing during the operations. And in case no change in the above parameters is found, this can be considered a clear sign that the absorbing structure is not working properly due to operational reasons.

    For more details on the Mahajanga operations see Glielmi N, Fontana M, Maglione R, Valleri T, Argomenti Reichiani, GEDI Gruppo Editoriale, Italy, 2012; Maglione R, Restoring Natural Atmospheric Pulsation in Northwestern Madagascar with the Reich Cloudbuster, Syntropy, N° 2, 2013, pages 179-185; and Maglione R, Recovering Natural Atmospheric Pulsation from Reich to the Present Day, presented at the International Conference on Orgonomy, October 04, 2013, Rome, Italy.

16. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 29.
17. Southgate L, A Preliminary Investigation into a Prototype Device Based Upon Reich’s Spacegun, Journal of Psychiatric Orgone Therapy, May 10, 2020.
18. Southgate L, Personal Communication, December 11th, 2020.
19. Southgate L, Ibid, December 11th, 2020.
20. Southgate L, Ibid, December 11th, 2020.
21. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 26.
22. Reich W, Ibid, pages 33-34.
23. Reich W, Ibid, page 91.
24. Reich W, Ibid, page 218
25. Reich W, Ibid, page 219.
26. Reich W, Ibid, page 44.
27. Reich W, Ibid, pages 45-46.
28. Reich W, Ibid, pages 186-187.
29. Reich W, Ibid, pages 194.
30. Reich W, History of the Discovery of the Life Energy. Atoms for Peace vs the HIG Documentary, Supplement N° 3, A-XII-EP, Orgone Institute Press, Orgonon, Maine, 1956, page 14.
31. Reich W, Ibid, page 12.
32. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, pages 148-149.
33. Melanor, Orite, and Brownite were substances related to the disintegration of matter when subjected to elevated Oranur conditions, and DOR clouds. They were belonging to a new field of the Orgonomic science Reich had opened with the study of Oranur, or pre-atomic chemistry. Reich found Melanor was a black, acidic (pH 3-5), corrosive, and soluble in acid substances, which settled over living beings and rocks; Orite, was a white, basic (pH 8-11), and soluble in water and bases powder, in which the rocks disintegrated; and Brownite, a brown and neutral (pH around 7) powder which could be seen to emerge from a mixing of, and contact between Melanor and Orite. It was also discovered that Melanor was a reducing and dehydrating agent (it had a powerful hunger for oxygen); while Orite and Brownite were not. Melanor had predominately acidic cations and anions; Orite had basic cations and anions; while Brownite had a mixture of both. Orene is the designation Reich gave to the pre-atomic substance, discovered in 1953 during the continuing course of the Oranur experiment, which appeared to be a transitional stage in the development of mass from energy. It showed many functional qualities of both living and non-living material. See Reich W, Melanor, Orite, Brownite and Orene. Introduction, CORE, Vol. VII, N° 1-2, Orgone Institute Press, Orgonon, Maine, March, 1955; and McCullough RA, Melanor, Orite, Brownite and Orene. Preliminary Chemical Analysis, CORE, Vol. VII, N° 1-2, Orgone Institute Press, Orgonon, Maine, March, 1955.
34. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 165.
35. Reich W, Ibid, page 239.
36. For a detailed critical review of the Reich’s Arizona expedition see Huthsteiner C, Weather Engineering in Contact with Space: Global Warming and the Planetary Emergency, Annals of the Institute for Orgonomic Science, Vol. 10, N° 1, December 2005, pages 1-42.
37. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 202.
38. Reich W, Ibid, page 239.
39. Eden J, Planet in Trouble. The UFO Assault on Earth, Exposition Press, New York, 1973, page 152.
40. Quoted in Huthsteiner C, Weather Engineering in Contact with Space: Global Warming and the Planetary Emergency, Annals of the Institute for Orgonomic Science, Vol. 10, N° 1, December 2005, pages 9-10.
41. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 258.
42. Moise W, Letter to Hoover JE, Orgone Institute Research Laboratory, Orgonon, Maine, April 7, 1955.
43. I could not find information in the Orgonomy literature about Ketchum. He is never mentioned by Reich nor by his biographers. The only information I could find that might have some sense is that related to William Ketchum, US Representative from California. He was born in Los Angeles in 1921, and died in Bakersfield in 1978. In the period in which Reich was in Tucson, Arizona, Ketchum was a salesman, and was also engaged in cattle ranching and farming. However, the hypothesis that he was the owner of the ranch, 10 miles north of Tucson, Magee road, Route 6, where Reich established his headquarter during the desert greening period, renaming it Little Orgonon, should be discarded, in that the owner was an oil man whose name was Thompson, living in Florida (Reich W, Where’s the Truth? Letters and Journals 1948-1957, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, NY 2012, pages 175 and 176; see also Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 143). However, given the fact that the house was found with the help of the head of the South Arizona Bank and Trust Company, Mr Douglas, who was also one of the members of the advisory board to President Eisenhower (Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 132), it is reasonable to presume that, both Douglas, and Ketchum being involved in politics, the latter was introduced to Reich by Douglas, and became interested in his desert greening work.
44. Renata Reich Moise, personal communication, October, 2016.

"The Origin of an Oranur Reaction and the Orgone Motor."
By: Roberto Maglione

The Oranur experiment was carried out at Orgonon laboratory, Maine, USA, at the beginning of January 1951. The main aim of the experiment was to study the possible anti-nuclear effects of orgone energy. Reich thought that his work might be used as an antidote to the toxic radiations emitted by nuclear energy, so as to neutralize them, or at least to reduce their harmful effects.

Originally, the protocol of the experiment considered the injection of small quantities of radioactive phosphorous P-32 (a radioactive isotope of phosphorous) in a group of selected mice. Then, the mice were to be put near the walls of the orgone room, a one-fold metal, room-sized orgone accumulator located in the laboratory. The aim was to evaluate the possible healing effects of concentrated orgone energy on the mice reaction to the radioactive field.

Later on, Reich decided to replace the radioactive phosphorous injections with irradiation by 1 mg of radium-226. The needle of radium-226 was put inside a very strong 20-fold orgone accumulator. This accumulator was additionally located inside the orgone room. Its radiations then initiated the irradiation of a group of mice kept in a cage close to the external walls of the orgone room but just outside in the students’ hall.

The results of the experiment were devastating and bordered catastrophe. Instead of quelling the radioactivity, the orgone energy became highly agitated. All the laboratory personnel were hit by a reaction that developed during the experiment, and became ill to various degrees. Reich called this reaction oranur. It was the consequence of a high excitation of the orgone energy units inside the orgone room and in the surrounding area. Of the mice located in the students’ hall, close to the orgone room, 286 in total, 57 died during the experiment, even though the mice were never physically close to the nuclear material; 12 were killed for autopsy and medical purposes; and 217 survived during the experiment but all died in the following weeks. Reich realized that, in spite of all precautions taken, a protection to the fierce reaction of concentrated orgone energy to very small quantities of radioactive material did not exist at all, and the safety measures to protect against ionizing radiations, developed by the Atomic Energy Commission, were not effective against the development of an oranur field. All the orgone devices at Orgonon were dismantled and moved away from the inhabited buildings, in order to lower the degree of the ongoing reaction, and the laboratory and the buildings at Orgonon were considered not fit to live in for several months.

Some years earlier to the oranur experience recounted above, in 1947 and 1948, Reich, when experimenting with Geiger-Muller counters and orgone apparatus, came to unexpected findings. One such finding was the conclusion that orgone energy could also be used and converted to produce mechanical energy, or work.

He observed that the Geiger-Muller counter, used to monitor the radioactivity, initially reacted normally, registering the background count of the area. However, the device became unresponsive when placed close to orgone accumulators, and did not react to background radiation and not even to small X-ray sources. The device had remained practically unreactive for some weeks when the pointer of the impulse recorder started rotating at the rate of one full turn per second. This corresponded to about 100 impulses per second, a very high value compared to the normal background of 10-15 counts per minute. On further measurements Reich obtained a reading of about six to eight thousand counts per minute. Reich argued that he was observing a possible motor force. This occurred because the tube of the Geiger-Muller counter had soaked up large amounts of orgone energy through constant exposure to the high orgonotic charge in the laboratory. Indeed, being that the gas-filled counter tube consisted of an inner cylindrical metal tube, and an outer non-metallic protective layer, usually of coated glass, the counter tube constituted and behaved essentially as a small orgone energy accumulator.

Later on, he replaced the counter tube with a specially-built vacuum tube (called a vacor tube – abbreviated from vacuum and orgone). The device was built with inner parallel aluminum plates, attached to the cathode and anode, respectively. This arrangement functioned like a kind of orgone energy accumulator in the vacuum. Reich obtained, by using this updated device, a much more powerful reaction that shortly afterwards was able to run a small spinner motor. In a further experiment he used a small orgone accumulator attached to a wheel. He excited the concentrated orgone energy inside the accumulator to run the wheel by a half Volt of electricity.

In practice, Reich realized he had converted an excited, concentrated field of orgone energy units, into usable electrical energy with the aim of producing work (1):

"Orgone is capable of turning a wheel if a counter tube or similar instrument is so excited that an electromagnetic wheel rotates. … I have simply transformed orgone into electrical energy."

Reich suggested basic rules in order to develop a new physics based on orgone energy from which a motor force might be derived:

"Mass-free orgone energy fills all space, much like a cosmic ether. Orgone can penetrate matter easily, but also weakly interact with it, being attracted to and charging all matter. Organic materials hold the orgone charge strongly, while metals rapidly discharge, or reflect it." (2)

"Another important point is this: one fails in OR physical experimentation if one works with the electrical theory of ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ charges. One succeeds if one adheres to the specific interaction of ‘two orgonotic systems’: they are not charged in opposite directions, but with one and the same type of nonpolar charge. But there must be two orgonotic systems if any reaction is to occur." (3)

Notwithstanding this important discovery, Reich never revealed the basic theory, design, and experimental set-ups through which he was able to run a small motor, and to obtain mechanical work directly from the cosmic orgone energy locally available (4).

He wrote, soon after the discovery, a very brief communication, included in the book The Cancer Biopathy (5), and a brief report, a year later, was included in the first issue of the Orgone Energy Bulletin (6) . The information therein reported was too few to understand and to replicate the experiments that led to the development of the motor. However, the first chapters of the Oranur Experiment text (7) include many of the tests Reich did with Geiger-Muller counters, and that later led to the development of the first prototypes of the orgone motor. They can be considered an introductory work to the development of the orgone motor.

Besides, Reich included in his last book, Contact with Space (8), several clues scattered here and there on how to develop the orgone motor and maybe to understand the meaning of the mysterious and inexplicable Y-factor that, according to Reich, was essential in developing the orgone motor. Reich observed that the excitation required to produce the motor force might be created by electric as well as other types of known energies, and above all radioactivity:

"ELECTRICAL ENERGY EXCITES OR ENERGY AND CAUSED IT TO CHANGE FROM THE STATE OF CLOUDY PATCHES TO THAT OF QUICK WHITISH RAYS. …… Now it became most probable that there is only ONE type of OR energy which changes its appearance and form according to different conditions." (9)

"5. The formation of concentrations to single distinct units follows upon excitation of the OR energy ocean in various ways: presence of other orgonotic systems, electromagnetic sparks, metallic obstacles, and, foremost nuclear energy (cf. p. 267 ff.)." (10)

In addition, according to Reich, a change from the foggy (unexcited) to the pointed (excited) form of existence of the orgone energy units in the atmosphere, might give rise to an increase of temperature. However, Reich observed also that under a different specific set of circumstances a motor force of a mechanical nature might alternatively develop (11):

"Under circumstances still greatly unknown such a change may be expressed in term of higher temperature. …. We may assume that the same energy change which under one set of circumstances causes mechanical motion, causes under another set of circumstances rise in temperature…. If the OR energy in its pointed, excited form finds no objects to move mechanically it will cause high temperature of gases or solid substances by inner friction. …. The clicks at the Geiger counter are doubtless expression of single OR energy points charging a vacuum, a grid of an electronic tube or moving the membrane of a mechanical sound amplifier."

Besides, Reich differentiated between the effects produced by the use of either huge or small amounts of radioactive materials in different concentrations of orgone energy in the atmosphere (12):

"When an atomic bomb explodes, a huge amount of nuclear material (NU) suddenly irritates in concentrated form an unprepared, unconcentrated atmospheric Life Energy. On the other hand, when Oranur is operating a very small amount is irritating a highly concentrated Life Energy.

In the first case the OR energy falls victim to prostration and decay. In the second case, the OR energy reacts after a brief period of consternation or paralysis with a fierce motor force."

Reich inferred that this might explain the high background counts beyond a narrow area around the point of an atomic explosion, and in term of orgonomic potentials he found (13):

"(2) "Decrease" and "Increase" of potential could be interpreted in terms of functional physics simply as a change in the form of the atmospheric energy from the foglike (unexcited, low) to the pointed (excited, high) state of existence and vice versa. Only the "pointed" state of OR registers on the GM counter.
…………….
(4) The change from the "cloudy" to the "pointed" state of existence, or activation of OR was now possible by simply impeding its freedom of "lazy" motion or by direct irritation such as friction, sparking secondary coil systems, nuclear material, heat, etc."

It is interesting to note in the above quoting that nuclear material has been identified by Reich as one of the most important substances to create a pointed or excited (Oranur) state of the atmospheric orgone energy, and to simultaneously increase the (local) orgonomic potential. Reich went further and laid down a very basic rule concerning the orgone motor force by relating the excited orgone energy units, when exposed to an exciting agent, to the corresponding radioactivity readings. He set also a minimum rate of radioactivity to run a motor (14):

"The luminating points (see "Oranur Experiment, First Report," p. 195 and Fig. 8, p. 42 above) are mechanical discharges and thus constitute the source of a motor force. The action of the OR motor belongs here: An even sequence of impulses, registered on the GM counter, at a rate of at least 3,000 per minute, sets a motor into motion (see "Orgone Energy Bulletin," 1948)."

The running of the orgone motor was witnessed by many collaborators, and people outside his research circle. Amongst the accounts of the co-workers who witnessed the orgone motor running we have those of Sharaf, Baker, Wyvell, Neill, and that of his second wife, Ilse Ollendorf. They add only anecdotal information on the orgone motor, and only very few details can be found in addition to those already available. In general, from the accounts it emerged that the wheel of the motor was turning much faster and noiselessly when powered only by the orgone energy, which was supplied to it by a vacor tube, or by a small orgone accumulator; while when connected to a battery the wheel was turning much slower and the rotational movement was noisy. When alimented by orgone energy alone the rotation of the wheel was affected by weather conditions.

Reich made motion pictures of the motor in operation, and these have been preserved, transferred to videotape, and are now available at the Wilhelm Reich Museum, Rangeley, Maine.
In the last decades, the Wilhelm Reich Museum published four books covering all the periods of Reich’s life and research topics, including materials taken mainly from Journals and correspondence available in the Reich’s Archive, located at Harvard Medical School (Boston, Massachusetts) (15). In some of them, and particularly in the volume published in 1999, some more information about type and line of research conducted by Reich, the system he conceived to convert orgone energy into a motor force, and few details on the experimental set-ups can be found (16).

To the best of my knowledge Reich never did experiments aimed at verifying the formation of a tension and the production of electric currents inside orgone accumulators or orgone apparatus, in general. He found, by using an electroscope, that the measuring device behaved differently inside and outside an accumulator indicating that a difference of electrostatic charge could exist between the interior of the accumulator and the environment outside it. However, he never tried to quantify and measure the presence of an electric tension on two opposite metallic sides of the apparatuses. Even in the years after Reich’s death no study was performed aimed at finding whether an orgone accumulator or any other orgone apparatus could produce an electric current (17).

With this aim in mind, Maglione and Ferrari carried out in the last years laboratory experiments with the purpose of determining the presence of a tension and of electric currents in orgone apparatus, and above all, in orgone accumulators and tube capacitors made of alternated layers of metallic and non-metallic materials (18). This arrangement is typical of Reich’s orgone-accumulating devices, but it resembles and displays also a marked similarity with those used by Zamboni, an Italian priest and physicist, more than two centuries ago in his dry piles (19).
Maglione and Ferrari observed, by experimenting on tube capacitors, the spontaneous formation of a tension and the generation of an electric current. No type of mechanical nor radiant energy was supplied to the apparatuses. They argued that the formation of the tension and the production of electric energy were affected by the natural pulsation of the atmospheric orgone energy field in which the capacitors were immersed, provided that the orgonomic potential of the environment was high enough to produce a charge-discharge metabolism of the orgone energy units stored by the capacitors. The authors observed also that by increasing artificially the local orgonomic potential at one capacitor (by adding a definite volume of a fluid with a raised orgone charge inside the tube capacitor) formation of a tension (when previously it was zero), and an increase of the tension (when previously it was already available but lower) was observed.

Recently, Southgate performed electric and magnetic measurements in an orgone cabinet that has previously been exposed to very small quantities of radioactive substances in the autumn of 2017 (0.9 mg of americium-241 for about one month) (20). The cabinet contained orgone boxes, orgone acupuncture tubes and a glass tank containing further orgone accumulating materials. Electrical and magnetic fields were measured within the internal glass tank inside the orgone cabinet. A powered on electrical field meter was placed within the inner glass tank. It was moved by hand in a circle of approximately 9" diameter, 9 times in 4 seconds and then the readings taken once again immediately. Each electrical and magnetic reading was an average of approximately 6 to 10 individual readings taken at the same data collection point. These changes were compared to a non-oranur atmosphere (an indoor area 50 foot from the oranur device).

Southgate obtained that movement of the meter within a relatively weak oranur field resulted in consistently higher electrical and magnetic field readings (about 2 to 3 times higher) than the same movement produced in an ordinary non-oranur atmosphere 50 foot from the device. A possible small radioactivity effect (greater oranur resulting in greater changes) was also noted.

The following figure 1 represents the qualitative behavior of the production of electric charge against the state of the units of the orgone energy field. Unexcited state of the units provides low values of the charge, as experimentally verified by Maglione and Ferrari; while the charge appears to drastically increase in case the units are excited by an external agent, as suggested by the radioactive experiments performed by Southgate.

Figure 1

Finally, the function Y, that Reich never revealed, can be linked to orgonomic phenomena instead of purely wiring arrangements or electric circuits as proposed by some authors (21). Indeed, it appears that the orgonomic potential of the environment, which the orgone device is permeated by; and above all that available inside the orgone device would be of extreme importance and instrumental in producing electricity. And this orgonomic potential might have been increased by Reich at the time, when demonstrating the motor force in action, by exciting the concentrated orgone energy units inside the orgone accumulator by a small battery. It would be an increase high enough to produce the required electricity to run a very small motor but safe enough not to create a dangerous oranur field around it.

All in all, it might be hypothesized that the function Y, Reich was referring to when developing the prototypes of the orgone motor, might be identified in the behavior of the orgonomic potential. This potential, accessible in the interior of the orgonotic system, would be proportional to the local environmental orgonomic potential in which the energy system is located.

 

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References

1. Reich W, American Odyssey. Letters and Journals 1940-1947, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1999, page 401.
2. Reich W, Ether, God and Devil; Cosmic Superimposition, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, New York 1973.
3. Reich W, The Oranur Experiment: First Report (1947-1951), The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, Rangeley, Maine, 1951, page 208.
4. It should be outlined, however, that Reich, in July 1948, informed the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of the motoric qualities of the orgone energy and of the fact that such a motor force might be abused by totalitarian countries (Eden J, Planet in Trouble. The UFO Assault on Earth, Exposition Press, New York, 1973, page 154).
5. Reich W, The Discovery of the Orgone. Volume Two: the Cancer Biopathy, Orgone Institute Press, 1948, New York, page 150.
6. Reich W, A Motor Force in Orgone Energy. Preliminary Communication, Orgone Energy Bulletin, 1(1), Orgone Institute Press, January 1949, New York, pages 7-11.
7. Reich W, The Oranur Experiment: First Report (1947-1951), The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, Rangeley, Maine, 1951.
8. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957.
9. Reich W, The Oranur Experiment: First Report (1947-1951), The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, Rangeley, Maine, 1951, page 213.
10. Reich W, Ibid, page 199 and 200.
11. Reich W, Contact with Space, Oranur Second Report (1951-1956), Core Pilot Press, New York, 1957, page 218.
12. Reich W, Ibid, page 219.
13. Reich W, Ibid, pages 45 and 46.
14. Reich W, Ibid, 1957, page 44.
15. Reich W, Passion of Youth. An Autobiography 1897-1922, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1988; Reich W, Beyond Psychology. Letters and Journals 1934-1939, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1994; Reich W, American Odyssey. Letters and Journals 1940-1947, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1999; and Reich W, Where’s the Truth? Letters and Journals 1948-1957, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, NY 2012.
16. Reich W, American Odyssey. Letters and Journals 1940-1947, edited by Mary B Higgins, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1999.
17. Maglione R, Methods and Procedures in Biophysical Orgonometry, Gedi Gruppo Editoriale, Milan, 2012, pages 83-125.
18. Maglione R, Electric Currents in Orgone Devices. The Route towards the Reich Orgone Motor? A State of the Art, Journal of Psychiatric Orgone Therapy, August 27, 2017; Maglione R, Ferrari D, Electric Currents in Orgone Devices. The Route towards the Reich Orgone Motor? Early and Mid-term Laboratory Experiments with Orgone Apparatus, Journal of Psychiatric Orgone Therapy, September 26, 2017; and Maglione R, Ferrari D, Electric Currents in Orgone Devices. The Route towards the Reich Orgone Motor? A Hypothesis on the Y-factor, Journal of Psychiatric Orgone Therapy, October 27, 2017.
19. Maglione R, The Legendary Shamir, Gedi Gruppo Editoriale, Milan, 2017, pages 43-65.
20. Southgate L, Further Preliminary Experimental Report on Oranur. Possible Electrical, Medical and Orgone Compound Effects, paper accepted for publication on JPOT, December, 2018.
21. Correa PN, Correa AN, Energy Conversion Systems, Patent US 7,053,576, May 30, 2006; and Energy Conversion Systems, Patent US 7,235,945, June 26, 2007.

Article by Roberto Maglione, M.Sc. and Conny Huthsteiner, M.D.

In the last decade California has been hit hard by drought, above all in the period 2011-2014. As Wilhelm Reich described in his publications from the 1950’s, energetic barriers created by radioactive and electromagnetic pollution and common hydrocarbon emissions created a droughty, toxic atmospheric energy field, that he nicknamed “DOR”. This was an abbreviation for “deadly orgone energy”. DOR prevented the natural pulsation of the atmospheric energy field and seemed to consume moisture, which led to severe drought and desert like atmosphere.

A number of short DOR-busting operations to restore the natural energetic pulsation of the atmosphere using Reich cloudbusters was carried out in Buttonwillow, California, which lies in the southern portion of the Central Valley, close to Bakersfield. The aim of the intervention was to break the DOR layers in the region, that impeded the natural flow of moisture and low pressure systems to come inland and bring rain, as would occur under normal atmospheric conditions. Interventions to clean the atmosphere from pollutants were also carried out. During the DOR-busting interventions physical parameters such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity were measured. At the same time atmospheric pollutant indexes, weather systems, and jet stream paths developments were observed before, during and after the interventions.

In this paper we report on a 2-day operation, carried out on January 1-2, 2016. Rain fell three days after the conclusion of the operations, at the site of the draw, and in a large surrounding area, 16.8% more than that forecasted before the interventions. A decrease of the PM2.5, PM10, and CO parameters were also noticed until around one week after the conclusion of the interventions, with a drop as low as 75-86%. PM2.5 and PM10 are parameters that describe the concentration of particulate matter with diameter less that 2.5 micrometer and 10 micrometer, respectively. They replaced in 1987 the EPA TSP (total suspended particulate) measurement that at the time was the standard unit of measurement for air pollution. No variation of the jet stream paths was observed during or after the intervention.

The Reich cloudbusters were successful in breaking the DOR layers and cleaning the atmosphere from pollutants thus allowing the natural atmospheric pulsation, with cycles of rain and sun, to be re-established at least temporarily. The operational protocol developed might be effectively and safely use to restore atmospheric pulsation and reduce, at least temporarily, atmospheric pollution in the investigated area and allow a pre-existing offshore low pressure system to come and bring its potential rain inland, as per its natural path.

Introduction:

California in the last decade experienced spells of drought interrupted by years in which atmospheric conditions were less harsh, and where rainfall was average.

TDrought began to appear in 2001. The situation worsened in 2007-2009, with three years of drought that was recorded as the 12th worst drought period in the state’s history, and the first drought for which a statewide proclamation of emergency was issued.

Subsequently, the period between late 2011 and 2014 was the driest in California history since record-keeping began in 1895. This dry period was made worse by high temperatures, with 2014 setting a record.

In 2015 it was hoped that a predicted El Niño would bring rains to California, without success. Historically, sixteen winters between 1951 and 2015 have created El Ni&ntildeo. Six of those have had below-average rainfall, five had average rainfall, and five had above-average rainfall. However, California did not benefit from the 2015 El Ni&ntildeo. Drought conditions did not improve and above average ocean temperatures did not create large storms. The entire state of California continued to suffer from the lack of rain and reservoirs and ponds dried up. Authorities declared a statewide drought emergency and applied a 25 percent water restriction. Effects of the drought were felt differently around the State, and were particularly hard on the agricultural regions. Farmers posted road and highway signs, demanding that the government take measures to remedy the drought.

I don’t feel thatIndeed, most farming in California depends on irrigation, which usually accounts for about 80% of the State’s human water use. In 2014 growers lost about 6.6 million acre-feet of surface water because of the drought. A significant increase in groundwater pumping made up for 75% of that loss, and farm-to-farm water sales also helped farmers keep valuable orchards and vineyards alive. But large cuts in crop acreage were unavoidable, leading to the loss of $2.2 billion in revenues and 17,100 seasonal, part-time, and full-time jobs.

Wildlife and fish were hit hard too. Wildlife refuges that provide vital habitat for migratory birds and other species also faced shortfalls.
Parallel to this, a decrease of the humidity, and an increase in atmospheric pollution , in particular the PM2.5 index, were observed simultaneously with the periods of drought. The PM10 and ozone indexes followed a similar behavior, though less marked. An extremely high volume of jet and airplane traffic has been observed to be releasing at high altitude into the atmosphere substantial amounts of exhaust and emission products. We believe that these products act as an additional DOR barrier adding to the already existing ones.

DOR layers that Reich observed during his research on weather activity were assumed to be caused above all by excess electromagnetic and radioactive pollution in the atmosphere in the 1940’s and 1950’s. (1, 2). DOR-busting interventions, consisting mainly of operations aimed at breaking the natural DOR layers present in an area, often were combined with interventions aimed at contracting the atmosphere in such a way as to create low pressure systems that bring rain inland (3). Sometimes these procedures can affect the Polar (PJS) and Sub-Tropical (STJS) Jet Stream patterns, which can lead to unpredictable paths and consequences, even temporarily, in the areas downwind or east of the drawsite even thousands of kilometers away. The high degree of additional particulates created by airplane exhaust present in the atmosphere, such as those characterizing California in these last decades, we believe played an additional important role in the reduction of rainfall, and on the development of drought conditions. They could be creating an additional artificial DOR barriers both onshore and offshore the West Coast that adds to the known contributors to DOR barriers seen by past researchers.

The only efforts carried out in the past, reported in the literature, were those recorded by Constable that were aimed at reducing smog and the elevated temperatures in specific areas of the West Coast, and not intended to restore atmospheric pulsation and bring rain inland. The majority of his operations were done using a hybrid apparatus that maintained only some of the characteristics of a Reich’s cloudbuster (3). In operation Kooler, Constable intervened, in mid-September 1971, to reduce the elevated temperature and the severe air pollution that had hit a part of South California especially in the area of high urban concentration (4). 40 hours after the start of the operation a massive drop in temperature in central Los Angeles area of around 9 °F was observed. This drop in temperature continued the following day, where the temperature fell by 31 °F. A light rain also followed the lowering of the temperature, which was not planned for.
In the second half of the 1980’s Constable intervened to reduce the high level of smog and atmospheric pollution in highly industrialized centers in southern California (5). He carried out draws aimed at creating breezes and increasing air flow in southern California. In 1987 operation Victor took place; in 1989 operations Breakthru & Checker and in 1990 operation Clincher. In 1987 a reduction of 16.6% air pollution was observed; in 1989 it was 29.4% and in 1990 it was a 24% reduction. Urban centers such as Pasadena saw 33 days of smog in 1987, which dropped to 7 days in 1990. The same reduction was seen in central Los Angeles, where smog days were reduced from 8 to 2 days. The cost of combating smog in Southern California with traditional methods at that time was estimated to be around 20 billion dollars in 10 years, an average of 2 billion dollars a year. The total cost of operation Clincher, with the use of 14 operative bases spread throughout all of south California, was $55,000 20% of the potential cost spent daily by the administration for air pollution control with traditional interventions.

According to the above considerations we wondered whether it was possible to intervene in Southern California to break the DOR barriers and to reduce, at least temporarily, the amount of particulates in the atmosphere using a Reich cloudbuster, and thus allow the existing low pressure systems to come inland and not to be diverted from their natural pathway, as had often recently occurred.To this end, it was decided to construct a Reich cloudbusting device in December, 2013. By late April, 2014, the cloudbusting apparatus was completed.

The apparatus was transported to the operational site in the Buttonwillow area.

An initial 2-day test was performed at the end of April, 2014, with the goal of reducing the DOR layers in the atmosphere, including DOR or pollution created by excessive airplane and jet exhaust and emissions. Drawings aimed at contracting the atmosphere were strictly avoided in order not to interfere with the PJS and STJS patterns. Shortly after the first day of operation, light snow coated the surrounding hills and rain began to fall in the surrounding area of the operation site.

Atmospheric parameters, such as pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity; as well as pollutant indexes were monitored one week before, during, and two weeks after the conclusion of the operations.

The development of cloud systems in the atmosphere, and of the behavior of the PJS and the STJS patterns were monitored by real-time satellite images.
Weather forecasts were also monitored to check whether the interventions were effective in breaking and reducing the DOR barriers, the pollutants, and in increasing the probability of rain to fall on the area of the intervention.

Subsequently, additional 2-3 day operations were planned with the same aim. They were carried out in October, 2014, April, 2015, and the last one in January, 2016.

In this paper the results of the operation carried out in January 2016 are reported, and discussed, even though similar results were obtained in all the other previously performed operations.

The results we obtained were amazingly positive, once again reflecting the utility and correctness of Reich’s inventions, theories and vision.

Materials and Methods:

Site of the cloudbusting operation was located close to Buttonwillow, California, in the southernmost part of the Central Valley around 40 km east of Bakersfield. The apparatus used was a standard Reich cloudbuster supported in some of the interventions by a smaller cloudbuster, built according to the same design of the main one. The two apparatus were grounded during the interventions in a small fresh water reservoir of capacity of around 7000 m3. The water during the operation was kept moving by a Centrifugal pump set at variable flow rates. Figure 1 below shows the location of the site of the interventions.

Figure 1 – Site of Buttonwillow cloudbusting operations

On the first day of the operation there was an offshore low pressure system moving eastward a relatively short distance from the West Coast. The aim of the intervention was to reduce or break the DOR layers around the operational site with the two Reich cloudbusters thus allowing moisture and the low pressure system to move westward and bring rain inland from the Pacific ocean, as per its natural cycle..
The operation started on Friday, January 1, 2016 at 2.00 PM and ended on Saturday, January 2, 2016 at 6.30 AM. Duration of the intervention was 16.5 hours. The operation consisted of a combination of drawings from different directions. In particular, we focused the cloudbuster toward the NE and to the SW of the operative site, with the intent to clean the atmosphere from pollutants.
Figure 2 shows the two Reich cloudbusters during a DOR-breaking intervention and atmosphere cleaning.

Figure 2 – The Reich cloudbusters during a dorbusting and atmospheric cleaning intervention in Buttonwillow

Atmospheric physical parameters such as pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, cloud system formation and development, and jet stream paths were continuously monitored during the whole operation. Particulates in the atmosphere, such as PM2.5, PM10, NO₂, CO, and ozone were also monitored.

Weather forecasts for the area of the interventions (Buttonwillow) were also monitored to check the efficacy of the DOR-busting and atmospheric cleaning.
Figure 3 shows the weather map from 6 hours before the start of the operation (8.00 AM local time, corresponding to 5.00 PM GMT)¹ . From the weather map a two-branched oblong low pressure system, located offshore the West Coast, heading east can be observed.

The black dot shows the location of the draw site, while the red circle encloses an area with a radius of around 450 km centered on the drawing site.

Figure 3 – Weather map at 6 hours before the start of the operation

Figure 4 shows the 10-day weather forecast taken 6 hours before the intervention for Buttonwillow² .

Figure 4 – 10-day weather forecast at 6 hours before the start of the operation

At 8.00 AM (local time) on Jan 01, 2016 the 10-day forecast expected rain to fall from Tuesday, Jan 05, to Thursday, Jan 07, 2016, with maximum probability of 80%³. Total amount of rain forecasted was 15.00 mm.

Results:

Figures 5 and 6 show the weather map and the 10-day weather forecast for Buttonwillow, respectively, at 2.5 hours after the conclusion of the interventions(occurred at 6.30 AM, local time, on Saturday, Jan 02, 2016).

As it can be seen in figure 5 below, the low pressure system located offshore was still following its natural path, heading ast, but the southernmost part was bending towards the draw site, as a possible consequence of the DOR-busting and pollutant cleaning interventions. The cloudbusters were able to temporarily break the DOR barriers and to open a substantially large window that allowed the passage of the low pressure system that centered over the draw area.

Figure 5 – Weather map at 2.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

As it can be seen from the 10-day forecast in figure 6 below, at 9.00 AM (local time), on Jan 02, 2016, rain was expected to fall on Buttonwillow from Sunday, Jan 03, to Friday, Jan 08, 2016, with maximum probability of 90%. Total amount forecasted was 20.00 mm, an increase of 33.3% compared to the value forecasted 6 hours before the interventions.

Figure 6 – 10-day weather forecast at 2.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

The weather map in figure 7, taken 20.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation, shows the low pressure system located on the draw site increasing in intensity and extending with a radius of some hundreds of kilometers (the radius of the red circle is around 450 km) to the north, north-east and a little less to the south.

Figure 7 – Weather map at 20.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

At around the same time the 10-day weather forecast (figure 8) predicted rain to fall on Buttonwillow from Monday, Jan 04, to Thursday, Jan 07, 2016, with maximum probability of 90%. Total amount of rain forecasted was 28.00 mm. Rain forecasted to fall on the draw site was increased by 86.7% after the DOR-busting interventions compared to the value forecasted before the intervention.

Figure 8 – 10-day weather forecast at 20.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

The weather map in figure 9 shows the development of the low pressure system around 29.5 hours after the conclusion of the interventions. As can be seen, the system is still centered on the draw site, but is increasing in intensity and size, and heading NE.

Figure 9 – Weather map at 29.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

At around the same time, the 10-day weather forecast (figure 10) projected rain to fall on Buttonwillow from Monday, Jan 04, to Thursday, Jan 07, 2016, with a maximum probability of 85%. Total amount of rain forecasted was 22.00 mm. After the DOR-busting operation a 46.7% increase in rain was forecasted to fall on the draw site.

Figure 10 – 10-day weather forecast at 29.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

Around 55.5 hours after the conclusion of the interventions, the low pressure system (weather map in figure 11) was moving eastward, above all into Nevada and Arizona, extending also to the north, and was pulling from the draw site the remaining part of the system that was stationed offshore the West Coast.

Figure 11 – Weather map at 55.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

Around the same time rain was forecasted to fall on Buttonwillow from Monday, Jan 04, to Saturday, Jan 09, 2016, with maximum probability of 95% (see figure 12). Total amount forecasted was 17.00 mm. At the draw site the amount of rain forecasted increased 13.3% compared to the value forecasted before the intervention.

Figure 12 – 10-day weather forecast at 55.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

Around 80.5 hours after the conclusion of the interventions, the low pressure system (weather map in figure 13) was moving eastwards, to Nevada and Arizona, and to the north, towards Oregon, bringing the first rain over the draw site on Tuesday, Jan 5.

Figure 13 – Weather map at 80.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

Around the same time, the 10-day weather forecast predicted rain until to Saturday, Jan 09, 2016 with maximum probability of 75% (figure 14). Total amount predicted is 7 mm, to be added to 10.2 mm already fallen on Tuesday, Jan 05, 16.

Precipitation fell until Thursday, Jan 7, with a total amount of 17.52 mm, 16.8% more than was forecasted 6 hours before starting the interventions.

Figure 14 – 10-day weather forecast at 80.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

The data related to the PM2.5, PM10, NO₂, CO, and ozone indexes from the day before the interventions (Dec 31, 2015), until to 14 days after the conclusion (Jan 17, 2016) are reported in figures 15 and 16⁴.

Figure 15 – Behaviour of PM2.5 and PM0 indexes

Figure 16 – Behaviour of NO₂, CO, and ozone indexes

Figures 17 and 18 shows the change in the above parameters when daily values are compared with the values predicted the day before the intervention (Dec 31, 2015) is done.

Figure 17 – Percentage difference of PM2.5 and PM10 indexes when compared to the value of the day before the start of the operation

Figure 18 – Percentage difference of NO₂, CO, and ozone indexes when compared to the value of the day before the start of the operation

From the above figures 15 and 16, it can be seen that the value of the PM2.5, PM10, and CO decrease in the days after the conclusion of the interventions, a decrease that is further marked in the days of rain (Jan 5-7, 2016). After this period the PM2.5 and PM10 parameters started to increase, but however, reached values lower than those before the interventions; while the CO parameter in this latter period did not show appreciable changes and remained practically constant (figure 16).

Parameters such as ozone and NO₂ seem not to be affected much from the interventions showing a practically constant trend, even though fluctuating slightly during and after the interventions.

Figures 17 and 18 show the same behavior of the indexes but this time in percentage is calculated as the difference between the daily value with that of the day before the interventions. PM2.5, and PM10 (figure 17) show a decreasing trend in the period from the conclusion of the interventions until the last day of rain (Jan 7, 2106), with a maximum percentage decrease of around 85%, and of 75%, respectively. Then, the trend of the two parameters increases and stabilizes at around -20÷40%. A similar trend can be also observed for CO in figure 18, with a maximum percentage decrease of around 86%, occurring on Jan 6, 2016, and then stabilizing with a percentage decrease of around -70% in the days following.

Ozone and NO₂ seem not to be affected much by the intervention, nor by the following 3-day rain, with a slightly fluctuating trend which does not have a strong association with specific phenomena or weather conditions, apart from a slow decrease of both after the rain fell.

The following figures 19 through 22 show the path of the PJS at 3 hours before the start of the interventions (6 PM GMT, or 11 AM local time); and at 4.5, 22.5, and 52.5 hours after the conclusion of the interventions, respectively⁵ .

Figure 19 – Polar Jet Stream path at 4 hours before the start of the operation

Figure 20 – Polar Jet Stream path at 3.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

Figure 21- Polar Jet Stream path at 21.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

Figure 22 – Polar Jet Stream path at 51.5 hours after the conclusion of the operation

From the above maps it can be observed that no substantial change of the path of the PJS occurred after the conclusion of the interventions neither in the area around the operative site, nor in areas downwind.

Discussion:

Table 1 summarizes the 10-day forecasted rain data for Buttonwillow. Percentage change of the amount of forecasted rain at different times after the conclusion of the interventions calculated in relationship to the value forecasted 6 hours before the start of the interventions is also reported.

time[hour]	Max rain chance[%]	forecasted rain[mm]	difference[%]
– 6	80	15.00	–
+ 2.5	90	20.00	+ 33.3
+ 20.5	90	28.00	+ 86.7
+ 29.5	85	22.00	+ 46.7
+ 55.5	95	17.00	+ 13.3
+ 80.5	75	7.00 + 10.20*	–
+ 240	–	17.52**	+ 16.8

* rain already fallen
** total rain fallen

Figure 23 shows the trend of the percentage variation of the forecasted rain, in the period from 6 hours before the start of the interventions (set at 0 in the x-axis) until to 55.5 hours after the conclusion (and before the first precipitation that fell at around 8.00 AM on Tuesday, Jan 05, 2016, to wit 73.5 hours after the conclusion of the interventions). Rain lasted until to 8.00 AM, on Thursday, Jan 07, 2016, or 121.5 hours after the conclusion. The two red vertical lines in the figure shows the period in which the DOR-busting interventions were carried out.

Figure 23 – Percentage variation of the forecasted rain for Buttonwillow from 6 hours before the operation to 55.5 hours after the operation

From the above figure can be seen an increasing trend of the probability of rain forecasted during the time of intervention After the operation the trend is decreasing until low values reoccur by the time rain falls. The above increase and decrease would suggest strongly that the intervention was effective in reducing the DOR layers and cleaning the atmosphere from pollutants, with a substantial increase of the forecasted rain. However, when the DOR-busting interventions were concluded the rain predictions fell again, until a final increase of only +16.8% above what was originally forecasted was reached. However, if one considers that the original projection was only 75% for rain, which normally is considered not predictive, nor likely to actually result in rain in the midst of the present drought, the increase we saw and resulting rainfall would be even more significant, and could be considered a very successful outcome. In which case, the 15 mm precipitation total forecasted would be generous, and the calculated percentage of rain that actually fell above that much higher than what would have likely occurred.

The reduction in the rain forecasted after the operations ceased would likely reflect the tendency of the DOR/polluted conditions of the atmosphere to go back to their original state after the conclusion of the operation. This might highlight the need of further interventions to further keep the DOR barriers open and the atmosphere clean.

Notwithstanding this, rain that fell on drawing site (Buttonwillow) was 16.8% higher than forecasted.

During our first operation in Buttonwillow we saw an excessive amount of exhaust and emissions at high altitudes above the draw site, so much that the sky was covered with white streaks that spread in all directions. We observed that this seemed to create an additional barrier to remove when initiating DOR busting. We feel this created an extra layer of DOR to battle with, beyond what Reich and Constable had identified when they worked in the atmosphere of the 1950’s and 1980’s. We feel this leads to greater high pressure areas, an expanded state, that creates a greater barrier to the natural flow of atmospheric orgone energy. This is important at this time in which larger areas of high pressure are known to persist over long periods of time, exacerbating the heat and oppressive drought situation we are experiencing in Southern California and elsewhere.

The following precipitation maps⁶ reported in figures 24 through 27 show that the interventions were also able to produce precipitation that was not forecasted over a large area during the period of the intervention (16.5 hours), even though Buttonwillow did not record any rain during the same period.

From the maps it can be seen that during the night of the intervention, from midnight to 6.00 AM, on Jan 02, 2016, rain fell all over the drawing area extending also east to cover Southern California, Phoenix, Arizona, and North Mexico.

Figure 24 – Rain map at 8 hours after the start of the operation

Figure 25 – Rain map at 11 hours after the start of the operation

Figure 26 – Rain map at 14 hours after the start of the operation

Figure 27 – Rain map at half a hour after the conclusion of the operation

Conclusion:

From the above results and discussion the following conclusions can be drawn.

• Interventions aimed at breaking DOR layers and reducing pollutants in the atmosphere in a large area of Southern California were carried out from 2.00 PM, on Jan 01, 2016, to 6.30 AM, Jan 02, 2016 with no operational problems.
• The interventions were able to reduce the DOR barriers over a large part of Southern California. Atmospheric conditions improved after the interventions, with a substantial decrease of PM2.5, PM10, and CO parameters, while ozone and NO2 were little affected by the interventions. These combined effects allowed a pre-existing low pressure system situated offshore to move inland over a large area centered on the drawing site (Buttonwillow).
• An increase of 16.8% of the cumulative precipitation was observed in Buttonwillow when compared to the forecasted data 6 hours before the start of the interventions. The above percentage increase figure could be even higher, as the estimate of the amount of rain forecasted before the interventions included a low probability of rain (less than 75-80%) which is thought to have low predictive reliability.
• Weather forecasts expected a much higher precipitation to fall on Buttonwillow soon after the conclusion of the interventions (20.5 hours), with a maximum value of 86.7%. This value however decreased in the following days. This suggests that the DOR barriers and atmospheric pollutions were only temporarily reduced by the interventions. Pulsation recovery lasted only for a short time (around 1 day after the conclusion of the operation), with a subsequent return of the DOR barriers and atmospheric health to its original blocked condition. More brief interventions would have been required to keep the atmosphere moving and clean for all the complete period of the atmospheric discharge.
• The developed operational procedure could be considered and used as an effective and safe protocol in this region to break, and remove, at least temporarily, the DOR barriers. We were able to reduce the atmospheric pollutants in an appreciably large area around the operational site, thus allowing a pre-existing offshore low pressure system to move and bring its rain inland.

Footnotes:

1. Weather maps were taken from www.wunderground.com
2. The 10-day weather forecast for Buttonwillow was taken from www.wunderground.com.
3. It must be mentioned that projections of probability of rain less than 75-80% are not accurate enough to guarantee that rain might really fall at the predicted time and expected amounts. Nevertheless, they were integrated into our analysis, since variations in projections can be indicative of a change in the atmosphere that is a consequence of the action of the drawings.
4. Data were taken from the US EPA Air Data for Bakersfield, California, at the following address www.epa.gov/airdata. Acronym DB in the figures stands for DOR-busting.
5. Images were taken from the San Francisco State University database at the following address http://virga.sfsu.edu/archive/jetstream.
6. Precipitation maps were taken from http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil.

References:

1. Reich, W.: DOR Removal and Cloud-Busting, OEB (Orgone Energy Bulletin), IV(4):171-182, 1952; OROP Desert. Part 1: Spaceships, DOR and Drought, CORE (Cosmic Orgone Engineering), VI(1-4):1-140, 1954.
2. Huthsteiner, C.: Weather Engineering in Contact with Space: Global Warming and the Planetary Emergency, Annals of the Institute for Orgonomic Science, Vol. 10, No 1, December 2005.
3. Maglione, R.: Wilhelm Reich and the Healing of Atmosphere, Ashland, OR, USA: Natural Energy Works, 2007.
4. Constable, TJ.: Operation “Kooler”. Conquest of a Southern California Heat Wave, Journal of Orgonomy. VI(1):84-97, 1972.
5. Constable, TJ.: Loom of the Future. The Weather Engineering Work of Trevor James Constable. An Interview Conducted by Thomas J Brown, Garberville, CA, USA: Borderland Sciences Research Foundation, 1994.